利用鞍钢烧结灰渣开发尾砂胶凝材料正交试验与决策

烧结脱硫灰渣是焦化厂生产炼钢焦煤排放的废弃物。由于脱硫灰渣含有游离氧化钙和亚硫酸钙等不稳定的矿物成分，导致烧结脱硫灰渣资源利用面临困难。针对鞍钢矿山全尾砂无废充填法开采，以矿渣微粉和烧结脱硫灰渣作为主要材料，熟料和硫酸盐为复合激发剂，对鞍钢矿山全尾砂充填胶凝材料进行开发。首先开展充填胶凝材料配比的正交试验；然后，在极差分析的基础上，建立神经网络模型和预测能力，揭示胶凝材料复合激发剂配比对充填体强度影响规律；最后，综合极差分析和预测分析结果，获得了利用烧结脱硫灰渣开发的全尾砂胶凝材料的最优配方。结果显示:以鞍钢全尾砂作为充填料，胶砂比为1:6和浓度为70%的胶凝材料最优配比为:熟料4%，脱硫灰渣19%，芒硝0.5%，矿渣微粉76.5%，充填体28 d，强度最高达到3.883 MPa，是相同条件下水泥胶结充填体强度的1.7倍，但材料成本仅是水泥的40%~45%。 

Orthogonal Experiment and Decision of Tailings Cementitious Material Prepared with Sintered Ash of Anshan Steel Company

The sintering desulfurization ash is waste material discharged during the production of steelmaking coking coal in coking plant. The desulfurization ash consists some unstable mineral compositions, such as f-CaO and CaSO₃, which makes it difficult to recycle. Due to the whole tailings filling method is used for mining in Anshan Steel Company, a new filling cementing material was developed with sintering desulfurization ash and water-quenched slag, which was activated by clinker and sulfate. Firstly, the orthogonal design was implemented. Then, the relationship between the cementitious filling body's strength and the content of activator was revealed by a neural network model based on the range analysis. Finally, the optimal proportion was obtained according to range analysis and prediction models. The results indicated that using whole tailings as filling material, the mass ratio of the cementing material to tailings was 1:6; the mass concentration of backfilling slurry was 70%; and the optimal proportions of clinker, sintering desulfurization ash, mirabilite and slag were 4%, 19%, 0.5% and 76.5%, respectively. Under these conditions, the highest strength of filling body attained 3.883 MPa after 28 days, which was 1.7 times that of cementing pack body but costed only 40%~45% of the cementing method.