电动汽车复合能源系统设计

为解决燃油汽车带来的环境、能源等负面问题,推进新能源在汽车领域的应用逐渐成为人们关注的焦点。文中基于太阳能电池、超级电容和蓄电池3种能量源,对电动汽车复合能源系统进行了研究。针对各能量源的特性设计了基于Boost电路的最大功率点跟踪控制器以及连接超级电容与直流总线的电流双象限DC/DC变换器,并通过MATLAB仿真工具箱对其进行了仿真,进而确定了电路参数。同时,基于电流约束设计了系统的总体控制策略,并进行了相关测试。实验结果表明,复合能源系统可对太阳能电池进行最大功率点跟踪,而且巧妙融合了超级电容的高比功率以及蓄电池高比能量的特点,有效缩短了蓄电池大电流放电的时间,改善了电动汽车启动及加速时的性能。

Design of Hybrid Power System of Electric Vehicle

To resolve the negative impacts with automobiles,people are focusing on studying new energy sources for automobiles.A hybrid power system of electric vehicle is proposed based on photovaltaic cells,ultracapacitors and batteries.In accordance with the characteristics of the three power sources,the paper designs a maximum power point tracking(MPPT) controller based on Boost circuit and a bidirectional DC/DC converter for connecting the ultracapacitors and the DC bus.Besides,the current restriction strategy is chosen as the overall control strategy of the system.The parameters of hardware circuits are decided according to simulation results using MATLAB.The experimental results show that the hybrid power system can achieve MPPT for the solar cell,and incorporate skillfully the high specific power of ultracapacitors and the high specific energy of storage batteries,so the time of sharp current discharging is reduced and the performance of starting up and accelerating for electric vehicle is improved.