宁夏乡镇卫生院放射防护现状调查及分析

目的 调查宁夏地区乡镇卫生院放射防护现状，并进行分析，为进一步加强基层放射医疗机构放射防护管理提供依据。方法 采用现场调查方法，对47家乡镇卫生院放射工作场所及管理情况进行调查。结果 放射设备较为陈旧、落后；专业放射工作人员缺乏；职业健康体检率及个人剂量监测率均为25.53%；机房面积达标率为51.06%；工作状态指示灯设置及与防护门联动情况合格率仅为2.13%；铅防护门及铅玻璃观察窗安装率分别为53.19%、29.78%；动力通风装置设置合格率为31.91%；警示标识合格率仅为4.26%；个人防护用品配备率和合格率分别是80.85%和69.09%；屏蔽防护检测有28家乡镇卫生院存在超标情况，超标率为77.78%；放射防护管理制度建立合格率为0。结论 宁夏地区乡镇卫生院放射防护目前存在的问题极为严重，与经济条件限制、监督力度不够及相关人员放射防护意识薄弱有关，应针对性地采取相应措施。

Investigation and analysis of radiation protection in township hospitals in Ningxia

Objective To investigate and analyze the status of radiological protection in township hospitals in Ningxia, and to provide a basis for further strengthening the management of radiological protection in primary radiological medical institutions.Methods The radiological workplaces and management status of 47 township hospitals were investigated by field investigation.Results Radiological equipment is outdated and backward. Professional radiation workers were lack, occupational health check-up rate and personal dose monitoring rate were 25.53%, the compliance rate of the machine room area was only 51.06%, and the working status indicator lamp setting and linkage with protective door qualified rate was only 2.13%, the installation rate of lead protective door and lead glass observation window were 53.19% and 29.78%, respectively, the qualified rate of power ventilation device was set as 31.91%, the qualified rate of warning labels was only 4.26%, the equipped rate of personal protective equipment and the qualified rate were 80.85% and 69.09% respectively, and there were 28 township health centers that exceeded the standard in the shielding protection testing, the exceeding standard rate was 77.78%, and the qualified rate of the radiation protection management system is 0.Conclusion The problems of radiation protection in township health centers in Ningxia are very serious, which are related to the restriction of economic conditions, insufficient supervision and weak awareness of radiation protection, and corresponding measures should be taken accordingly.