生物质催化气化研究进展

本文从介绍影响气化反应的主要因素入手,分析了各类催化剂的特点及其对生物质气化结果的影响:白云石和橄榄绿等催化剂来源广,价格低,但是机械强度较差;碱金属类催化剂能降低气化过程中焦油量以及催化甲烷气体进一步转化为CO和H2,高温下易熔融而导致失活;镍基催化剂和复合催化剂催化焦油裂解效果好,H2产率高,存在的问题是价格昂贵,气化工艺复杂和催化剂回收困难。最后,本文对生物质催化气化研究方向进行了展望。

State of the Art in Biomass Catalytic Gasification

This review introduces main factors which influence the process of biomass gasification and then summaries the charac- teristic and the effects of various catalysts on gasification in details. Catalysts such as dolomites and olivine are widely available and low price but have poor mechanical properties. Alkali metal catalysts can efficiently reduce the quantity of tar in gasification and catalyze the conversion of CH4 to CO and H2. However, alkali metal catalysts have frequently been suffered devitalization due to the fusion in high temperature. Nickel catalysts and composite catalysts make a better effect on tar decrease and usually achieve a high H2 yield in product gas. Obviously, they include some disadvantages such as more expensive, complex process and more difficulty to recycle the precious metal. At last, the article states the existing issues and predicts the research prospect of catalytic gasification of biomass.