卢氏绿壳蛋鸡壳色性状的AY493302标记

卢氏鸡是我国唯一片羽型的可产绿壳蛋的地方鸡种,壳色有绿壳和褐壳2种颜色。本研究采集131只卢氏绿壳蛋鸡,45只卢氏褐壳蛋鸡及18只地方白壳蛋鸡的血液,提取基因组DNA,用微卫星AY493302标记探讨了这3种壳色的基因型差异。结果表明,微卫星AY493302在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡、卢氏褐壳蛋鸡以及地方白壳蛋鸡之间基因型分布差异极显著,基因型AA（225bp/225bp）在卢氏鸡中的频率为0.396 9,且只在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡中出现。其A基因频率在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡、卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡中分别为0.698 5,0.500 0,0.500 0。进一步进行测序发现,卢氏绿壳蛋鸡AA基因型在19bp处碱基和217bp处碱基均为G,但卢氏绿壳蛋鸡AB基因型在19bp处碱基却为C,在217bp处碱基与绿壳蛋鸡AA基因型同为G。卢氏褐壳蛋鸡AB基因型和地方白壳蛋鸡的AB基因型则表现在19bp处碱基为C,217bp处碱基为T。AA基因型的序列与NCBI数据库中红色原鸡比较,达99%同源的序列有V00425.1、J02015.1和NW_003763484.1,均位于鸡的1号染色体上。该微卫星标记的群体杂合度、群体多态信息含量在卢氏绿壳蛋鸡中都低于卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡。尽管在所研究的卢氏绿壳群体中只有39.7%的个体表现为纯合AA基因型,但卢氏褐壳蛋鸡和地方白壳蛋鸡中没有该基因型,故而认为微卫星AY493302的纯合AA基因型可以作为对卢氏绿壳蛋鸡进行分子标记辅助选择的基因型。

Eggshell color of Lushi chicken by microsatellite AY493302

Lushi chicken is unique flakiness feather native breed which could lay green-shell eggs in China, there are both color of green and brown in Lushi chicken eggshell. Microsatellite AY493302 was used to analyze the polymor- phisms of 131 green-shell chicken,45 brown-shell chicken and 18 white-shell native chicken,The results showed that the genotype distributions of this marker among these three eggshell color chicken were significantly different, the frequency of genotype AA （225 bp/225 bp） were 0. 396 9 in green-shell chicken,0. 000 0 in brown-shell chicken and 0. 000 0 in white-shell chicken, respectively. Obviously, this genotype existed only in green-shell chicken,while not in brown-shell chicken and white-shell chicken respectively. The frequency of gene A（225 bp）were 0. 698 5 in green- shell chicken,in brown-shell chicken 0. 500 0 and in white-shell chicken 0. 500 0, respectively. The sequencing re- vealed that the base in the 19th bp and 217th bp were G in genetype AA,and the base in the 19th bp was C and 217th bp were G in genetype AB for Lushi green-shell chicken. Base in the 19th bp was C and 217th bp was T in genetype AB for Lushi brown-shell chicken and native white-shell chicken. By compared green-shell AA type se- quence with homologous sequence of Gallus in NCBI database,the results were shown an extremely high level of i- dentity （99%） ,V00425.1 ,J02015.1 and NW_003763484.1 which were located in chicken chromosome 1st. The het- erozygosity and polymorphism information content of microsatellite AY493302 was lower in green-shell chicken than brown-shell chicken and white-shell chicken. In spite of the frequancy of homozygous genetype AA was only 39.7 % in Lushi green-shell chicken,no genetype AA was exited in brown-shell chicken and native white-shell chicken, suggesting that this homozygous genotype AA（225 bp/225 bp） of microsatellite AY493302 can be used to select the homozygous green-shell traits of Lushi chicken in the form of assistant marker.