柑橘属常用中药黄酮类成分HPLC指纹图谱研究与比较

目的:建立芸香科柑橘属毛橘红、光橘红、陈皮、青皮、枳壳、枳实6种临床常用理气类中药黄酮类成分的液相色谱(HPLC)指纹图谱,分析比较其指纹特征差异性,为柑橘属常用中药的谱效相关性研究和临床用药合理性提供科学依据.方法:以C18色谱柱为分析柱,流动相甲醇-水(含冰乙酸)梯度洗脱,制备同一色谱条件下6种药材的HPLC指纹图谱.结果:6种常用中药按照植物化学分类学方法被分为柚皮苷型和橙皮苷型.根据色谱峰保留时间,毛橘红、光橘红共标出15个共有峰；陈皮、青皮、枳壳、枳实共标出10个共有峰.全部药材共标出5个共有峰.毛橘红与光橘红色谱图与共有模式的整体相似度在0.9285～0.9962,相似度较高.陈皮、青皮、枳实三者色谱图与共有模式的整体相似度在0.922 1 ～0.997 3,相似度较高.而枳壳与共有模式的相似度仅为0.454 7 ～0.773 3.结论:建立的柑橘属6种常用中药黄酮类成分指纹图谱,可以直观的比较出谱图间的差异,同时各特征峰峰高及峰面积也存有显著区别,与这6种药材在临床应用中理气功能异同的关联尚待研究.

Study and comparison on HPLC fingerprints of flavonoids of frequently used Chinese materia medica in Citrus

Objective: To establish the HPLC fingerprint of flavonoids of the six clinical frequently used Chinese materia medica for regulating Qi flow,such as Citri grandis, C. grands, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, Aurantii Fructus, and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus from Citrus, and analysis differences in the fingerprints to provide scientific basis for profile-effect research and clinical reasonable use. Method: HPLC was performed on a C₁₈ column with methanol-water (with acetic acid), to establish HPLC fingerprints of the six kinds of medicinal herbs on the same chromatograph condition. Result: The six frequently used Chinese materia medica were divided into naringin type and hesperidin type according to the method of phytochemotaxonomy. Based on the retention time of chromatograph peaks, C. grandis and C. grands had fifteen common peaks; Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride, Aurantii Fructus and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus had ten common peaks. All herbs had five common peaks. Compared with mutual model, the holistic similarity of chromatograms of C. grandis and C. grands was in the range of 0.928 5-0.996 2.The degree of similarity was high. For Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride and Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, it was in the range of 0.922 1-0.997 3 and high. But the similarity of Aurantii Fructus was only in 0.454 7-0.773 3 with the mutual model. Conclusion: The established fingerprints of flavonoids of the six common traditional Chinese medicines can be used to compare the differences intuitively. Meanwhile, the peak height and peak areas of characteristic peaks are different remarkably, but whether it is connected with the different function of regulating Qi flow of the six medical materials in clinical use, is still needed to be studied.