飞机客舱性能化防火设计方法研究

为研究飞机客舱防火性能,基于性能化防火设计理念,结合安全线和疏散时间模型,利用计算机模拟仿真技术,提出了飞机客舱性能化防火设计方法。以A380飞机客舱为例,利用火灾模拟软件FDS和疏散仿真软件Pathfinder结合建立仿真模型,运用提出的飞机客舱性能化防火设计方法分析了3级客舱布置下的火灾疏散情况,验证了该方法的可行性及合理性。研究结果表明:2号、3号及4号出口在火灾疏散过程中存在危险;基于此结果对客舱火灾疏散方案进行了优化,保证火灾疏散过程的安全。方法不仅可对现有各型飞机的防火性能进行评估,为优化客舱布局及人员疏散方案提供支持,还可为国产大型飞机客舱防火设计提供参考。

Study on Performance-based Fire Protection Design Method for Aircraft Cabin

In order to study the fire protection performance within the aircraft cabin, a performance-based fire protection design method for aircraft cabin is established via computer simulation, based on the concept of performance-based fire protection design, which is combined with safety line model and egress time model. The A380 aircraft cabin is taken for an example, the simulation models are established using the fire simulation software FDS and the evacuation software Pathfinder. The evacuation situation with a level-3 seat layout during a cabin fire is analyzed via the established method. And the feasibility and rationality of this method is certified. The results prove that exit 2, 3 and 4 are in danger during the evacuation procedure within the fire. Thus, an optimization evacuation scheme is presented for the cabin fire based on the simulation results, in order to ensure safety for the evacuation procedure. This method not only perform an assessment for the existing aircrafts against fire protection performance, but also support the optimizing of layout and evacuation scheme, as well as provide a reference for the cabin fire protection design of domestic large aircraft.