塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草综合生态效益评价研究

以恢复生态学为理论指导,区域可持续发展为目的,根据塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草的现状,建立退耕还林还草综合生态效益的评价指标体系和评价模型,应用层次分析法(AHP)原理推测塔里木河中下游生态林、经济林、牧草等3种退耕还林还草类型的综合生态效益指数,并与农田生态系统进行了对比研究。研究结果表明生态林、经济林、牧草等退耕还林还草类型的生态效益均大于农田生态系统。其生态效益指数排序为:经济林>生态林>牧草>农田。这一研究结果将为塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草工程规划、布局等经营方式提供理论依据。

Approach on Ecological Benefit of Withdrawing from Farming to Afforesting and Grass Planting in Middle and Lower Reaches of Tarim River

Using the theory of restoration ecology, and regarding the sustainable development of region as themain object, combineing with the present condition of withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass plantingin the middle and lower reaches of Tarim river, this put forward the evaluation index system and evaluation modelof compositive ecological benefit of ecological project of withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass plantingin the middle and lower reaches of Tarim river. The evaluation index system includes 11 indices relating to biologi-cal benefit, soil benefit, small climate benefit and hydrological benefit. Applying analytic hierarchy process(AHP) evaluated ecological benefit of ecological forest, economic forest and herbage grassland and also comparedwith farmland ecosystem. The result indicated that compositive ecological benefit index of ecological forest 9 eco-nomic forest and herbage grassland ecosystem larger than farmland ecosystem and the order of ecological benefit iseconomic forest>ecological forest>herbage grassland>farmland ecosystem. Therefore the paper proposes somescientific suggestion of planning, overall arrangement, sort of tree and grass of ecological project withdrawingfrom farming to afforesting and grass planting in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River.