老年女性尿路感染病原学及其耐药性

目的探讨老年女性尿路感染的病原菌分布及其耐药特征。方法 收集某院2008年1月-2010年10月老年女性尿路感染患者清洁中段尿标本分离的病原菌，进行菌株鉴定及药敏试验。结果共分离病原菌182株，前6位依次为大肠埃希菌(46.70%)、葡萄球菌属(13.74%)、肠球菌属(9.34%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(8.24%)、铜绿假单胞菌（4.95%）、真菌（4.95%）。产超广谱β 内酰胺酶（ESBLs）大肠埃希菌和肺炎克雷伯菌分别占该2种细菌的22.35%和26.67%；耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)占凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌的50.00%，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）占金黄色葡萄球菌的44.44%。细菌对各种抗菌药物有不同程度的耐药性，且为多重耐药。结论重视尿路感染病原菌及其耐药性的检测，对控制老年女性尿路感染耐药菌株传播，指导临床合理使用抗菌药物具有重要意义。

Pathogenic bacteria and antimicrobial resistance of old female patients with urinary tract infection

Objective To evaluate the distribution and antimicrobial resistant characteristics of pathogens isolated from female patients with urinary tract infection （UTI）. Methods Pathogens isolated from urine of female patients with UTI were identified and performed antimicrobial susceptibility test from January 2008 to October 2010. Results A total of 182 strains of pathogens were isolated and the top six pathogens were Escherichia coli （46. 70%）, Staphylococcus s p p. （13. 74%）, Enterococ cus s p p . （9. 34%）, K lebsiel la pneurnoniae （8. 24%）, P seudornonas aeruginosa （4. 95%）, and fungus（4. 95%）. 22. 350//00 of Escherichia coli and 26. 67% of Klebsiella pneumoniae pro- duced extended-spectrum β-lactamases; 50% of eoagulase-negative Staphylococcus and 44. 44% of Staphylococcus aureus were methicillin-resistant. Isolated bacteria had different resistance to antimicrobial agents, and were multi- drug-resistant. Conclusion Pathogens and antimicrobial resistance detection in urinary infection is important for controlling drug-resistant strains transmission and guide rational use of antimicrobial agents.