固体脉冲推力器内弹道仿真与优化设计

为了研究固体脉冲推力器的内弹道特性以提高其性能,根据其不同阶段的工作特性,建立了考虑点火药燃烧的内弹道模型,对推进剂药柱数分别为13、16、19时的推力变化曲线进行了仿真研究,分析了点火药量对内弹道特性的影响。仿真与试验结果一致性较好,表明建立的脉冲推力器内弹道模型和仿真系统能较好地刻画其推力特性,点火药燃烧导致了较大的初始压力峰,在脉冲推力器的点火启动阶段必须考虑点火药燃烧对内弹道特性的影响。在此基础上建立了脉冲推力器的喷管结构优化模型,运用多岛遗传算法对喷管结构进行了优化,结果表明,合理的喷管设计提高了脉冲推力器的性能。

Interior Ballistic Simulation and Optimization of Solid Pulse Thruster

To study the internal ballistic characteristics of solid pulse thruster for improving the performance,the internal ballistic model considering ignition process was established according to working characteristics of different stages. The F-t curves were calculated respectively while the solid propellant grains were 13 ,16 ,19 . The effect of different igniter grain mass on the internal ballistic characteristics was analyzed. The simulation and test results have good agreement. The modeling and simulation of the solid pulse thruster and the thrust performance can be well described. The ignition charge can result in the greater initial peakpressure,and the influence of ignition charge on the internal ballistic performance must be considered in the phase of ignition. The optimization model of the nozzle structure of the pulse thruster was established based on the internal ballistic model, and the nozzle structure was optimized by using multi-island genetic algorithm. The result shows that the performance of the solid pulse thruster can be im-proved by reasonably designing the nozzle.