含超细镍/铋复合粉体磺酸钙基润滑脂摩擦学性能研究

为了提高磺酸钙基润滑脂的摩擦性能，采用四球试验机研究了含超细镍粉、镍/铋复合粉体磺酸钙基润滑脂及其在不同载荷下的摩擦磨损性能，并通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能谱分析（EDS）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）等手段分析了磨斑形貌及其表面组成，初步探索其抗磨减摩机理。实验结果表明：随镍粉添加量的增大，润滑脂摩擦系数和磨斑直径均先减小后增大，当镍粉添加量为2.0%（w）时，润滑脂摩擦性能最佳；随镍/铋质量比的增大和镍/铋复合粉体总添加量的增大，润滑脂的摩擦系数先减小后增大，而磨斑直径变化不明显；当镍/铋总添加量（w）为2.0%、镍/铋质量比为1︰2时，润滑脂的摩擦系数和磨斑直径最小，分别较基础脂减小了34.2%和4.2%，减摩性能改善明显，其抗磨性能变化不大。

TRIBOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF CALCIUM SULFONATE COMPLEX GREASE WITH ULTRAFINE NICKLE/BISMUTH POWDERDS

To improve the tribological behavior of calcium sulfonate complex grease, the anti-wear and anti-friction performance of grease with ultrafine Ni powder or Ni/Bi composite powders with different load were investigated by four-ball tribological tester. The morphology and component of wear spot were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Electronic Differential System (EDS), and the anti-wear and anti-friction mechanism were discussed. The results show that the friction coefficient (μ) and wear scar diameter (WSD) all decrease first and then increase with the increase of the amount of Ni powders. The μ value of composite grease first decrease then increase with the increase of ratio and total amount of Ni/Bi composite powders, while the WSD value has no change. The composite grease achieves the best tribological performance when the Ni amount reaches 2.0% and the ratio of Ni/Bi is 1:2. The value of μ and WSD decrease 34.2% and 4.2%, respectively, compared with basic grease. The test results indicate that anti-friction performance of the calcium sulfonate complex grease with composite powders is improved significantly, while the anti-wear properties change little.