12种百合主要营养成分和活性成分的分析评价

为了探讨百合营养品质综合评价中的主要影响因子,选育赏药食兼用的新品种百合,本文比较研究测定了12个百合种/品种鳞茎的营养成分、活性物质和氨基酸组成,通过主成分分析法综合评价百合营养品质特征。结果表明,12个百合种/品种鳞茎以多酚和生物碱两个活性物质指标含量变异系数大,膳食纤维、氨基酸等指标含量差异相对较小。品质指标转化数据经主成分分析,被提取的前4个主成分累积方差贡献率达90. 229%,影响百合综合营养品质评价的次序依次为:功能因子、营养因子和碳水化合物因子。经综合评价,岷江百合、宜昌百合和‘塞拉达’营养品质评分最高,传统食用百合龙牙百合和兰州百合(平陆)营养品质也较好。该研究基于营养成分、活性物质和氨基酸组成3个方面对12个百合种/品种鳞茎进行了系统评价,为筛选新型赏药食兼用百合、充实和完善百合营养品质评价体系提供参考依据。

Characters and comprehensive evaluation of nutrients and active components of 12 Lilium species

Plants from the genus Lilium are a rich source of chemical diversity.Currently edible Liliaceae concentrated on traditional varieties such as L.Davidii var.Willmottiae,L.Brownie var.viridulum and L.lancifolium,which are deteriorating because of succession cropping obstacle.Therefore,it’s considerable to select new dual-purpose type varieties.This paper not only studied the nutritive components,active substances and amino acid composition of 12 varieties,but also made a comprehensive evaluation on nutritional quality of lilies with factor analysis.The results demonstrated that the variation coefficient of polyphenols and alkaloids of 12 Lilium species were large,while the variation coefficient of dietary fiber,amino acid and other indicators were relatively small.The contributing rate of cumulative sums of 4 common factors was 90.229%,and the key factors affecting nutrient quality evaluation were functional substances factors,nutrient quality cofactors and carbohydrate factors.According to the comprehensive evaluation,L.regale,L.leucanthum and The Longiflorum×Asiatic hybrids‘Serrada’had the highest nutritional quality score,and the traditional edible lilies L.brownie var.viridulum and L.Davidii var.willmottiae(pinglu)also had good nutritional quality.Based on nutrient composition,active material and amino acid composition,this study systematically evaluated 12 Lilium species bulbs to provide a reference for screening new dual-purpose type varieties and enriching the evaluation system of lilies nutrient quality.