主焦点式光学系统的光机结构设计与装调检测

针对应用在极轴式望远镜中的主焦点式光学系统,从主镜的支撑设计与分析、主镜的装调检测、校正镜组件的设计装调和系统的装调检测等方面进行了深入的研究.充分应用了有限元法分析主镜的支撑、定心仪检测光轴的同轴度、平行光管检测系统像质等,得出了主焦点式光学系统的一般装调检测方法.装调后的主镜面形检测结果均方根值达到0.042 8λ,校正镜组的光轴同轴误差达到12.4″.对系统的像质评价采用能量集中度法,成像在靶面上的星点80%能力集中度在24 μm×24 μm范围以内,达到设计指标要求,说明系统结构设计合理,装调检测方法可行.该方法和思路可推广至其他主焦点式光学系统的装调检测工作.

Opto-mechanical Structure Design, Alignment and Test of Prime Focus Optical System

Based on the prime focus optical system applied on the polaxis telescope, the primary mirror support design and analysis, the primary mirror alignment and test, corrective lens assembly design and alignment to system alignment and test were detailed discussed. The finite element method was used to analysis the primary mirror support, the centering facility was used to test the optic axis concentricity, and the collimator was used to test system image quality. A general method was obtained that is suitable for the prime focus optical system alignment and test. The primary mirror surface figure RMS is 0.0428λ after alignment, and the corrective lens assembly coaxial error achieves 12.4″. The energy centralization method was adopt to evaluate system image quality, and star point 80% energy concentrate degree was in 4×4 pixels on target area, which achieved design requirements. The results indicate system design is reasonable and alignment method is proper. This method also can be used to another prime focus optical system alignment and test.