烟草漂浮育苗剪叶传播烟草花叶病毒的特点

 采用三抗体夹心法（TAS-ELISA）研究了烟草漂浮苗中烟草花叶病毒（Tobacco mosaic virus, TMV）通过剪叶操作传播的特点。试验表明,剪一次TMV新鲜病叶的带毒剪刀连续剪10棵健康烟苗,剪叶后第30 d花叶病的平均发病率为12.7%。苗盘试验表明, 每剪1盘苗后用漂白粉消毒剪刀1次的情况下,在每盘苗加入6株TMV病苗,剪刀剪叶1次,剪叶后第10 d平均发病率为13.0%~18.3%, 发病株数增加3.5~4.9倍,无症烟苗移栽后15 d,花叶病发病率可达65%~80%。在第1次剪叶前7 d,每盘苗挑选6株用稀释1.0×10^-6倍的TMV病叶汁液摩擦接种,第1次剪叶后13 d（接种后20 d）留下病苗和拔走病苗处理带毒率分别为57.8%和37.8%。第3次剪叶后13 d（接种后47 d）带毒率都达到95.6%。在存在病株的情况下,剪叶传播烟草普通花叶病的效率很高。人工气候箱中,剪叶接种1.0×10^-6 TMV病叶汁液,接种后11~12 d TAS-ELISA可检测出阳性,接种后20~24 d表现花叶症状。

Spread Characteristics of Tobacco Mosaic Virus Through Clipping in Tobacco Floating-seedling System

In this paper, the spread character of Tobacco mosaic virus through clipping in tobacco float system was evaluated by TAS-ELISA method. The test results showed that:Among 10 tobacco seedlings which clipped by a clipper carried TMV through clipping a mosaic leaf, 12.7% seedlings showed mosaic symptom after 30 d. After added 6 mosaic seedlings in a tray, clipped once, the average incidence of mosaic could reach to 13.0%~18.3%, about 65%~80% symptomless seedlings became mosaic after transplanted 15 d. Seven days before first clipping, inoculated 6 seedlings in a tray with 1.0× 10^-6 mosaic leaf juice, the seedling TMV-positive percentage of keep mosaic seedling treatment and move mosaic seedling treatment could reach to 57.8% and 37.8% respectively at 13th day after first clipping, both treatment seedling TMV-positive percentage could reach to 95.6% at 13th day after third clipping. In artificial climate chamber, by inoculated with 1.0× 10^-6 mosaic leaf juice through clipping, TAS ELISA could detect positive seedlings at 11~12 d, seedlings show mosaic symptom at 20~24 d.