三种生物骨衍生材料修复节段性骨缺损的实验研究

目的　评价 3种生物骨衍生材料修复节段性骨缺损的成骨作用。　方法　将 6 0只健康日本大耳白兔双侧桡骨中段制成 10 mm节段性骨缺损 ,并随机分为 A、B、C、D和 E组 ,每组 12只 ,其中 A组植入复合型完全脱蛋白骨 (composite fully deproteinised bone,CFDB)、B组植入部分脱蛋白骨 (partially deproteinised bone,PDPB)、C组植入部分脱钙骨 (partially decalcified bone,PDCB)修复兔桡骨节段性缺损 ,D组自体髂骨移植 ,E组以空白缺损为对照 ,于术后4、8、12及 2 4周取材 ,通过 X线摄片和不脱钙硬组织切片检测 ,评价 3种材料的成骨作用。　结果　 X线摄片观察 :A、B与 C组 4周时材料密度较高 ;8周时材料与宿主骨交界处模糊 ;12周时材料边缘部分区域密度接近宿主骨 ;2 4周时 B组髓腔再通 ,C组缺损区域密度大部分接近宿主骨 ,有少许高密度影 ,A组缺损区域有较多高密度影。 X线片评分 4周和8周时各材料组无统计学差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;12周时 B组和 C组高于 A组 (P<0 .0 5 ) ;2 4周时 D组 >B组 >C组 >A组(P<0 .0 5 )。经组织学形态观察可见 4周和 8周时新骨贴附材料生长 ;以后新骨增多 ;材料随着时间的推移逐渐降解吸收 ;2 4周时成骨量 D组 >B组 >C组 >A组 (P<0 .0 5 )。　结论　 PDPB修复节段性骨缺损的效果佳 ,

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON REPAIRING SEGMENTAL BONE DEFECTS WITH THREE BIO-BONE DERIVED MATERIALS

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the osteogenesis of three bio-bone derived materials in repairing segmental bone defects. METHODS: Sixty Japanese rabbits were made 10 mm radius segmental defects and divided into 5 groups (groups A, B, C, D and E, n=12). Composite fully deproteinised bone (CFDB, group A), partially deproteinised bone (PDPB, group B), partially decalcified bone (PDCB, group C), autogenous iliac bone graft (group D) and no implant (group E) were implanted into the radius segmental bone defects of rabbits. The specimens were examined after 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks; the osteogenesis was evaluated through X-ray radiograph and undecalcified solid tissue histological examination. RESULTS: The border between the material and host's bone was distinct after 4 weeks and blurred after 8 weeks; the density of partial edge of the material was similar to that of radii after 12 weeks. The medullary cavity of bone reopened in group B; the density of most defect area was similar to that of the host bone and there was a few high density shadow in group C; the density of most defect area was higher than that of host bone in group A after 24 weeks. There was no significant difference in radiograph scoring between groups A, B and C after 4 weeks and 8 weeks (P>0.05); the scores of group B and C were higher than that of group A after 12 weeks (P<0.05); and the scores were arranged as follow: group D > group B > group C > group A after 24 weeks (P<0.05). Bone callus grew toward defect area and new bone adhered to the material after 4 weeks and 8 weeks; more new bone formed, and the materials were absorbed and degraded with time. The quantity of bone formation was more in group D than in group B and in group B than in group C and in group C than in group A after 24 weeks (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: PDPB had good osteogenesis in repairing the segmental bone defect, PDCB was inferior to it, both PDPB and PDCB are fit to repair segmental bone defect. Both of them were inferior to autogenous bone.