高速通道压裂技术在国外的研究与应用

高速通道压裂技术是近两年出现的新工艺,主要应用在美国、俄罗斯、南美和北非、中东等油气高产地区,已在世界范围内实施超过3800井次,取得良好增产效果。该工艺的主要目标是在人工裂缝内部造出稳定而敞开的油气流动网络通道,显著提高人工裂缝的导流能力,消除由于残渣堵塞、支撑剂嵌入等引起的导流能力损失,从而减小井筒附近的压降漏斗效应,提高压裂改造效果。通过综合多簇射孔、支撑剂段塞注入和拌注纤维等工艺技术,实现了支撑剂在裂缝内非均匀铺砂;经过优化研究,使高速通道保持长期有效。该工艺可提高铺砂效果、减少压裂材料使用量,增加返排率,保持裂缝的清洁,并能有效减少施工中砂堵的风险,其适应性广,可用于砂岩、碳酸盐岩及页岩等各种油气藏。为解决国内低渗透油气藏压后普遍存在的返排困难和裂缝伤害等问题,提供了一种可行的技术方法。

Research and Application of Channel Fracturing Technique in Foreign Oil and Gas Field

The channel fracturing technique has been applied more than 3800 well-times in America,Russia,south Africa and north Africa,Middle East and other areas of high oil-gas production around the world,which is a new approach presented in the recent years with good stimulated effect.The main target of the technique is to make a stable and open network channel for oil-gas flow in the artificial fracture,which will enhance the flow conductivity of the artificial fracture remarkably through less loss of the flow conductivity caused by bottom sludge blocking and proppant embedment.The effect of fracturing reformation may be improved after weaker effect of pressure cone of depression near borehole.The techniques of clusters perforation scheme,plug injection of proppant and fiber-laden pumping realize nonhomogeneity sanding in the fractures of the proppant.After optimization research,channel may be effective for long time.The technology can improve sanding result and less fracturing material is used.Efficient of fracturing fluid flowback may be increased with clear fracture.It will reduce the risk of sand bridge in the operation.So it has wide application for sandstone,carbonate rock,shale and other oil-gas reservoirs.It provides feasible technology for solve the problem of difficult flowback and fracture damage in the low-permeable oil-gas reservoirs in China.