宜宾地区儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比及其临床研究

目的：了解引起宜宾地区儿童慢性咳嗽病因构成比，分析病因特点，指导临床诊治。方法：根据中华医学会儿科分会呼吸学组制定的《儿童慢性咳嗽诊断与治疗指南》的标准，设计儿童慢性咳嗽病因调查表，对2011年5月-2012年5月本院儿科哮喘专科门诊共166例慢性咳嗽儿童进行诊治，并完成3个月随访，进而统计病因构成比。结果：病因构成比由高到低依次为：咳嗽变异性哮喘（CVA）76例（45.8%），上气道咳嗽综合征（UACS）＋CVA40例（24.1%），呼吸道感染和感染后咳嗽（PIC）23例（13.9%），UACS 19例（11.4%），心因性咳嗽3例（1.8%），原因不明者5例（3.0%），不同病因在不同年龄间的分布是有显著差异的（P〈0.05）。结论：引起宜宾地区儿童非特异性慢性咳嗽前4位病因依次为CVA、CVA＋UACS、PIC、UACS，不同年龄组儿童慢性咳嗽的病因构成比不同。

The Etiology Constituent Ratio and Clinical Research of Chronic Cough in Children in Yibin Area

Objective：To investigate the constituent ratio of causes of chronic cough in children in Yibin area, analyze the characteristics of the cause and to guide clinical diagnosis and treatment.Method：According to the Chinese Medical Association of pediatric summit respiratory group developed＆quot;guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of chronic cough in children＆quot;standard,designed the questionnaire on the etiology of chronic cough in children.166 children with chronic cough in our pediatric asthma clinic from May 2011 to May 2012 were diagnosed and treated.They were completed the three months follow-up,the etiology constituent ratio were statistically analyzed.Result：The constituent ratio of the causes from high to low were：cough variant asthma（CVA）in 76 cases（45.8%）,upper airway cough syndrome（UACS）＋CVA in 40 cases（24.1%）,respiratory tract infection and cough（PIC）in 23 cases（13.9%）,UACS in 19 cases（11.4%）, 3 cases（1.8%）of cardiogenic cough,5 cases（3.0%）of unknown reasons.The distribution between different etiology in different age had significant difference（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：The four main causes of Yibin region caused by non-specific chronic cough in children are CVA,CVA＋UACS,PIC,UACS,the etiology constituent ratio of different age groups of children with chronic cough are different.