隐血与蛋白对尿HIV-1抗体检测影响的研究与分析

[ 摘要 ] 目的 评价一种尿液HIV-1抗体检测试剂的特异性，研究尿液中蛋白含量和隐血程度对尿液中HIV-1抗体检测结果的影响。方法 平行采集受检者的血液与尿液标本，分别用血液和尿液酶联免疫吸附法检测HIV-1抗体，检测尿液HIV-1抗体结果为假阳性与真阴性的尿标本中免疫球蛋白、转铁蛋白、尿微量清蛋白与尿α1微球蛋白的含量，且检测其隐血情况。 结果 真阴性组与假阳性组尿液中各种相应的蛋白含量差异具有显著性(P<0.001)，假阳性组尿液中所含的蛋白均高于真阴性组相应的蛋白含量(P<0.001)。结论 当尿液中蛋白含量高或存在隐血阳性时，用HIV-1型尿液抗体诊断试剂盒检测尿液HIV-1抗体易出现假阳性。

Research and Analyze the Impact of Urinary Protein and Occult Blood on the Detection of Urinary HIV-Antibody

[Abstract] Objective: To evaluate the specificity of a kit for screening anti-HIV-1 antibody in urine and research the effect of urinary protein and occult blood on the detection of urinary anti-HIV-antibody. Method: Blood specimens and paired urine specimens were collected and tested by ELISA. Test the IgG, TRF, uric micro-albumin, uricα1-microglobulin(ɑ1-MG), and occult blood in HIV-false-positive urine, in contrast to those in HIV-negative urine. Result: The amount of protein in HIV-negative urine differs distinctly from that in HIV-false-positive urine (P<0.001). The quantity of protein in HIV-false-positive urine is higher than that in HIV-negative urine (P<0.001). Conclusion: If a large amount of protein or some occult blood exist in the urine, this kit is prone to become false-positive in detection of urinary anti-HIV-1 antibody.