热疗与肿瘤细胞乏氧微环境下能量代谢的研究现状

代谢重编程是一种恶性肿瘤标志,指癌细胞改变代谢和营养获取模式,以满足快速增殖、侵袭与转移所需的能量及获得维持细胞分裂所需的“构建块”。当实体肿瘤暴露在低pH、乏氧和营养缺乏的微环境中,使乏氧诱导因子-1被激活,其介导肿瘤细胞重塑代谢模式,即通过循环细胞内成分如清除蛋白质和脂质等底物或利用适应性的代谢重编程如糖酵解、自噬和脂代谢等获取能量。热疗作为一种基于肿瘤局部加热的治疗方法,具有多种抗癌机制与放化疗及生物免疫治疗协同使用。在这篇综述中,我们对乏氧微环境下由乏氧诱导因子-1介导的能量代谢途径做以简单论述,同时阐述了热疗对乏氧诱导因子-1的调控机制并展望了热疗在实体肿瘤中的应用。

Research status of hyperthermia and energy metabolism of tumor cells in hypoxic microenvironment

Metabolic reprogramming is a malignancy hallmark, which refers to the ability of cancer cells to alter metabolic and nutrient acquisition modes in order to support the energy demands for accomplishing the rapid growth, dissemination, metastasis and obtain the “building blocks” needed to maintain cell division. When solid tumors are exposed to low pH, low oxygen and tumor microenvironment with nutrient deficiencies,the hypoxia-inducible factor-1 can be activated, which mediates the remodeling of metabolic patterns in tumor cells, namely, energy is obtained by circulating intracellular components (removing substrates such as proteins and lipid) or by utilizing adaptive metabolic reprogramming (such as glycolysis, autophagy and lipid metabolism, etc.). As a treatment scheme based on local heating of tumors, hyperthermia has a variety of anticancer mechanisms and can be used in combination with radiotherapy, chemotherapy and biological immune therapy. In this review, we briefly discussed the metabolic remodeling model mediated by hypoxia-inducible factor 1 in a hypoxia microenvironment, described the possible regulatory mechanism of hyperthermia on hypoxia-inducible factor-1 and prospected the application of hyperthermia in oral and maxillofacial tumors.