太赫兹近场成像技术及进展

太赫兹(THz)波具有能量低、穿透性强、频带宽等特点，因而太赫兹成像技术在无损检测、生物医药、安全检测等众多领域得到了广泛应用，在实际应用中如何提高太赫兹成像的分辨力变得越来越重要。由于太赫兹近场成像技术可突破衍射极限，获得分辨力为亚微米甚至是纳米量级的高质量图像，基于近场技术的高分辨THz成像技术相继被提出，并得到了进一步的应用。本文首先阐述了太赫兹近场成像的基本原理；其次总结了近场成像进展及增强方法；最后对太赫兹近场成像的未来进行了展望。

Terahertz near-field imaging technology and its development

Because terahertz(THz) waves have the characteristics of low energy, strong penetration, and broad bandwidth, terahertz imaging technology has been widely used in many fields such as non-destructive testing, biomedicine, and safety testing. How to improve the resolution of terahertz imaging in practical applications is becoming more and more important. Terahertz near-field imaging technology can break through the diffraction limit and obtain high-quality images with submicron or even nanometer resolution, thus high-resolution THz imaging technologies based on near-field methods have been proposed and further applied. This article first describes the basic principles of terahertz near-field imaging; secondly, summarizes its progresses and enhancement methods; and finally prospect the future of terahertz near-field imaging.