改造宽浅游荡河道为窄深稳定河道

黄河下游游荡性河道宽浅，边滩变动快，主流摆动频繁，“横河、斜河”经常发生，是“背着石头撵河”这种防兴被动局面长期存在的根本原因。黄河下游河道有三级造床流量，宽河道中具备产生窄河道的自然条件。目前河南段河道之所以还在游荡，主要原因是治理不到位。河南段河道的治导线，应该参照山东段河道整治成近500m宽的微弯型河道。其方法是用种草和修建透水桩坝固定嫩滩。分析结果表明河道缩窄，对山东窄河道及河口并无不利影响。

Changing the Wandering Yellow River into a Stable and Narrow One

It is pointed that the fundamental reasons for passive situation of many improving river works along the wandering reach of the Lower Yellow River (YR) being invalid are channel being shallow and broad, floodplains changing rapidly, main stream shifting frequently, main stream flowing transversely to dikes occurring frequently. It is found that there are three riverbed forming discharges, which means that broad channel of the wandering reach can be changed into a narrow one. It is thought that what makes the wandering reach wander continuously is inappropriate improvement. It is suggested that the guiding lines for the reach should be 500 meter broad taking a sinuous form with a small sinuous ratio. Its key point is to fix the floodplains fit for average floods by planting grasses and building groins that can allow water to pass. The carried out practice has shown that narrowing the wandering channel has no unfavorable effect on its downstream channel and the estuary of Shandong.