狂犬病病毒街毒株对体外培养小鼠海马神经元的损伤作用及其机制

目的：探讨狂犬病病毒街毒株（RV）感染神经细胞的形态学表现，揭示狂犬病病毒致神经功能异常的机制。方法：体内实验，20只C57/BL小鼠随机分为实验组和对照组，每组10只，实验组小鼠脑内接种30 μL　RV病毒液（10TCID50）,对照组小鼠脑内接种等量细胞维持液，利用抗RV抗体检测病毒抗原在小鼠脑组织的分布。体外实验，培养原代海马神经细胞，培养1周后，感染狂犬病病毒，免疫荧光检测感染72、96和120 h后病毒的增殖情况。结果：体内实验，狂犬病病毒感染4 d后，在海马CA1区锥状神经元胞体和树突中均能检测到狂犬病毒抗原；狂犬病病毒感染7 d后，仅在海马CA1区胞体中检测到狂犬病病毒抗原。体外实验，狂犬病RV感染体外培养的原代神经细胞120 h后，感染的神经元数量最多，且感染的神经元树突数量减少。结论：狂犬病RV可感染、损伤海马CA1区树突，从而引起小鼠神经功能异常。

Injury of hippocampus neuron induced by street strain of rabies virus and its mechanism

Objective To discuss the morphological changes of neurons infected with street strain of rabies virus(RV),and to explore the mechanism of the neuronal dysfunction caused by RV.Methods In vivo,the C57/BL mice were randomly divided into experimental group(n=10)and control group(n=10).The mice in experimental group were inoculated intracranially at 30μL RV suspension(10TCID50),and the mice in control group were inoculated with identical volume of cell maintenance medium.Anti-RV antibody was used to detect the RV antigen distribution in brain tissue of the mice.In vitro,the primary hippocampal neurons were cultured for 1week and the cells were infected by RV.The proliferation of RV was detected by immunofluorescence method after infection for 72,96,and 120h.Results The RV antigen was found in neurons and neuronal dendrites of hippocampus CA1 4d after infection;however,the RV antigen was detected only in neuronal dendrites of hippocampus CA1 7dafter infection.The number of infected neurons was the most 120hafter infection,and the number of infected dendrites was decreased.Conclusion RV can infect and injure the neuronal dendrites of hippocampus CA1region and lead to neuronal dysfunction of the mice.