甜樱桃花芽分化后期特征观察

通过品种比较、地区比较和人工环境模拟3个关联的试验设计,观察甜樱桃从落叶后至谢花后的花芽分化发育的特征,探求其南引试栽、结实困难的原因。结果表明,郑州的早红宝石、红灯和拉宾斯,烟台、郑州和金华的红灯,以及花芽分化期置于露地和日光温室中的早红宝石在多个物候期阶段的最终分化发育的基本特征一致。因此,造成甜樱桃南引试栽、结实困难的主要原因可能与生长季的花芽分化无关,不能仅限于与花前高温引发的胚珠、胚囊发育不良有关,低温累积量不足也是不可被忽视的因素。

Observation on characteristics of floral differentiation and development of sweet cherry in late phase

In order to grope for the mechanism in fruiting problem of sweet cherry(Prunus avium L.) in southern areas of China,three experiments,including variety comparison,location comparison and artificial environmental simulation,had been carried out from the stage of post-defoliation to the stage of post-bloom for observation of the characteristics of differentiation and development of floral bud of sweet cherry.The results showed that the floral bud of sweet cherry had ultimately displayed the basic characteristics of differentiation and development in identity at the phases of multi-phenological calendars in the stages mentioned above in those tested varieties which were Zaohongbaoshi,Hongdeng and Lapins cultured in Zhengzhou,and Hongdeng cultured in Yantai,Zhengzhou,and Jinhua,and Zaohongbaoshi cultured in openfield and greenhouse in the period of floral bud differentiation in those three experimental designs.It was argued that the mechanism of fruiting difficulty mentioned above had no relationship with the floral bud differentiation in growth season,and not only the embryo sac in poorly developmental quality which was induced by high temperature before the stage of post-bloom but laso the shortage of chilling accumulation should be responsible for the fruiting difficulty.