福建省台风灾害时空变化分析

根据福建省灾害性气象年鉴和福建省气候影响评价资料,建立以县域为单元的福建省台风灾害数据库,运用Excel软件和M ap info技术,重建了1980~2005年福建台风灾害时空动态格局。研究表明:福建台风灾害年际变化总体呈波动上升趋势,年内80%左右集中在7~9月份,群发性强。空间上集中在沿海地区,灾情明显存在3个高值中心,即闽中的莆田、福清、长乐和平潭,闽南的漳浦、云霄和诏安,闽东北的霞浦和福鼎;致灾因子与灾情灾次比空间分布错位,体现承灾体脆弱性对台风灾害的影响。分阶段研究表明:台风灾害致灾因子变化不太明显,但灾情呈明显增强趋势,进一步反映环境不稳定性和承灾体脆弱性对台风灾害的影响机制。

Analysis of Temporal and Spatial Changes of Typhoon in Fujian Province

According to the yearbook of disastrous climate and data of climate impact assessment of Fujian,typhoon database of Fujian is constructed in unit of county.The temporal and spatial pattern and trend of typhoon in Fujian from 1980 to 2005 is reconstructed by using Excel and Mapinfo technology.The result shows that typhoon disasters in Fujian fluctuatively increase year by year.80 percent of typhoons occur from July to September in group.Spatially,typhoon concentrates in the coastal areas.There exist three high-value centers of typhoon disaster in Fujian,Putian,Fuqing,Changle and Pingtan in the central part,Zhangpu,Yunxiao and Shaoan in the southern part and Xiapu and Fuding in the northern part.Distribution of disasters is different from that of disaster effects,which indicates the great influence of hazard-affected body's vulnerability.Research by periods shows that disaster-causing factors of typhoon do not change obviously,but disaster effects are increasing.It indicates the effects of environmental instability and vulnerability of hazard-bearing body on typhoon disasters.