大型风力机叶片研究现状与发展趋势

叶片是风力机最为关键的部件之一，叶片、轮毂组成的风轮是能量捕获机构，将风能转变为机械能，与此同时，叶片又是风力机力源，主要承载部件，对整个风力机安全运行起着关键作用。在对大型风力机及其叶片产业发展现状分析基础上，从气动外形与结构设计现状、运行监测与控制技术现状、发展趋势与有待研究的问题等几个角度进行较为全面的梳理总结，从而从总体上把握现代大型风力机叶片研究现状及发展趋势。指出今后将在针对抗台风叶片、低风速叶片、仿生叶片和低噪音叶片等的个性化设计，具有外部载荷环境和自身结构状态变化感知功能的智能风力机叶片设计等方面进一步发展；已经形成的风力机叶片设计、制造及运行监控理论等还要随着大批量风力机全生命周期服役实践，进一步完善和发展。

Research Status and Development Trend on Large Scale Wind Turbine Blades

Blade is one of key components of wind turbines. The wind rotor consisting of blades and hub is the energy capture mechanism which can transform the wind energy into mechanical energy. At the same time, blades are the force sources and bearing parts. Thus, blades play a key role for the safety of wind turbines. The industry development situation of modern large-scale wind turbines and its blades is analyzed. Then, a comprehensive summary is carried out including the aerodynamic shape and structural design, operation monitoring and control technology, the development trend and faced problems. The status and development trend of modern large scale wind turbine blades are grasped in general. It is specially pointed out that some fields will have further development such as the personalized airfoil design of anti-typhoon blades, low wind blades, bionic blades and low noise blades, design of novel wind turbine blade with sensing function of external environment load and structural state change. The formed blade design, manufacture and operation monitoring theory of wind turbines will be further improved and developed by service practice of large quantities of wind turbine in full life-cycle.