昆山麻鸭重要遗传种质特性的检测与分析

为了揭示昆山麻鸭的遗传特性，在昆山麻鸭保种场对昆山麻鸭重要遗传种质特性进行了检测，这些性状包括繁殖性能、体尺性状以及肉用性能。同时分别对体尺性状、肉用性状各指标间的表型相关进行了分析。结果表明：体尺性状的变异系数均小于10%，而肉用性能指标的变异系数均超过了10%，说明肉用性能的变异程度大于体尺性状，肉用性能的遗传稳定性差。母鸭的半净膛率和全净膛率差异极显著高于公鸭（P＜0.01），说明母鸭的出肉率高于公鸭。相关分析结果表明，宰前活重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、胸肌重间均存在极显著的正相关（P＜0.01），且相关系数均在0.828以上，全净膛重和半净膛重的相关系数达0997，决定系数（r2）达0.994，全净膛率和半净膛率相关系数达0.990，决定系数达0.98，说明这些性状间的关系密切，选择宰前活重可以间接选择屠体重和全净膛重。

Detection and analysis of important breeding characters of Kunshan Ma Duck

In order to reveal the hereditary characters of Kunshan Ma Duck， the important breeding characters， including reproductive performances， body measurements and meat traits， were measured and their relationships were analyzed in the reservation farm of Kunshan Ma Duck. The results showed that the variation coefficient of body measurements was lower than that of the meat traits， which implied that the genetic stability of meat traits were not better than that of body measurements. The percentages of half\|eviscerated and eviscerated weight of female ducks were greater than those of male ducks， which suggested that meat production of female ducks was higher than that of male ducks. The correlation analysis results showed that the relationships among alive weight， carcass weight， semi-eviscerated weight， eviscerated weight and breast muscle weight were all positive and significant at the 0.01 level， the coefficients were all higher than 0.828， the correlation coefficient between eviscerated weight and semi-eviscerated weight was 0.997， and determination coefficient （r2） was 0.994， the correlation coefficient between eviscerated rate and semi-eviscerated rate was 0.990， and r2 was 0.980. It would be concluded that the relationships of them were more closely， the selection for pre-slaughter weight could reflect the characters of carcass and eviscerated weight indirectly.