水生态文明城市建设评价方法及其应用研究

党的十七大提出“建设生态文明”，在此背景下，水利部于2013年提出水生态文明建设，水生态文明城市建设逐渐成为国内水资源管理研究的热点，其评价方法及指标体系均在不断发展之中. 在已有研究中，多运用层次分析法、Delphi法、主成分分析法等主观赋权法进行评价. 熵值法因其客观、科学性近年来在生态评价中得到广泛应用. 本文对比归纳主观赋权法与熵值法在水生态文明城市建设评价中的应用。论述了熵值法在水生态文明城市建设评价中的可行性，并以长江经济带城市群为例进行评价. 结果表明:长三角城市群、成渝城市群和长江中游城市群水生态文明城市建设评分分别为0.584 6、0.485 2和0.556 6分，长三角城市群与长江中游城市群的水生态文明建设明显好于成渝城市群；评价结果与当前长江经济带城市群的水生态文明水平基本一致. 熵值法能够满足水生态文明城市评价的数据和范围要求，且能有效避免主观影响，对于水生态文明城市建设评价是可行的. 

Evaluation of water ecologically civilized city construction

In The 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China the "construction of ecological civilization" was proposed. The Ministry of Water Resources accordingly proposed construction of water ecological civilization in 2013. Construction of water ecologically civilized city has gradually become a focus in domestic research of water resources management, evaluation methods and index systems are being developed continuously. Subjective weighting methods such as analytic hierarchy process, Delphi method, principal-component analysis method are used for evaluation. Entropy method has been widely used in ecological evaluation in recent years because of its objectivity and solid scientific basis. Application of subjective weighting method and entropy method were compared here in the evaluation of construction of aquatic ecologically civilized cities. Application and advantages of first-level indicators were discussed, feasibility of entropy method in evaluation of construction of aquatic ecological civilization cities was discussed. Total construction scores of water ecologically civilized cities in the Yangtze River Delta city group, Chengdu-Chongqing city group and the middle reaches of the Yangtze River we found to be 0.584 6, 0.485 2 and 0.556 6 respectively. Construction of aquatic ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Delta urban agglomeration and urban agglomeration the middle reaches of the Yangtze River was found to be significantly better than in the Chengdu-Chongqing urban agglomeration. The evaluation was essentially consistent with current level of aquatic ecological civilization in the Yangtze River Economic Belt urban agglomeration, being feasible for evaluation of aquatic ecologically civilized cities.