典型除草剂生产废水的有机污染特性研究

除草剂废水作为难处理的工业废水之一，具有含盐量高、可生化性差、难生物降解等特点。该废水含有的溶解性有机物与难溶解性有机物均以含氮有机物为主，BOD∶COD=0.045，C∶N∶P=692∶426∶1。实验采用吹扫捕集、静态顶空、固相微萃取、固相萃取、液液萃取与气相色谱/质谱联用，定性分析了莠去津、乙草胺除草剂生产废水中主要有机污染物，并研究了废水及主要污染物的紫外吸收光谱、三维荧光光谱。定性结果显示，废水中含有氯代烃、苯系物和均三嗪类、酰胺类除草剂等38种挥发性、半挥发性有机物，其中莠去津、乙草胺等除草剂占87.99%。受单环或杂环类物质的影响，废水在波长210～230和250～270 nm范围内有紫外吸收，且氨基基团导致其紫外吸收红移20 nm。废水在λ_ex/λ_em=200～280/300～400 nm产生了5个荧光峰a(225/305 nm)，b(265/365 nm)，c(275/305 nm)，d(285/390 nm)，e(320/375 nm)。不同官能团特征有机物三维荧光结果显示，λ_ex/λ_em=215～230/290～340 nm附近区域为不饱和键荧光区，废水中该区域主要荧光贡献物质为烯烃、苯环、杂环;λ_ex/λ_em=270/300 nm附近区域为酚羟基、羰基荧光区，废水中该区域主要荧光贡献物质为苯酚类、酮类。

The Study on the Characteristics of Organic Pollution in Typical Herbicide Plant Wastewater

Herbicide wastewater is one of tne industrial wastewater, it has high salt content, poor biodegradability, biodegradable characteristics. Nitrogen-containing organic compounds are dominated in dissolved organic matter and dissolved organic matter of wastewater, BOD∶COD=0.045，C∶N∶P=692∶426∶1. Applying static headspace, purg and trap, solid-phase extraction, solid-phase microextraction and liquid-liquid extraction as pretreatment methods combined with gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), which qualitatively analyzed the organic components of the Atrazine, acetochlor herbicide production wastewater and researched the UV spectrum, three-dimensional fluorescence spectroscopy of the wastewater and its major pollutants. The study of GC/MS indicated that Wastewater contained chlorinated hydrocarbons, BTEX and triazines, amides herbicides etc. 38 kinds of volatile and semi-volatile organic compounds, atrazine and acetochlor herbicides accounted for 87.99%. Affected monocyclic or heterocyclic substances, the ultraviolet absorption spectrum of the wastewater in 210～230 and 250～270 nm in that the amino group lead to the UV absorption red shift 20 nm. Wastewater generated 5 fluorescence peak in λ_ex/λ_em=200～280/300～400 nm, such as a(225/305 nm), b(265/365 nm), c(275/305 nm), d(285/390 nm), e(320/375 nm). Based on three-dimensional fluorescence results of the different functional groups of the characteristics organic, fluorescent area of unsaturated bond is in λ_ex/λ_em=215～230/290～340 nm, the main contribution of the fluorescent substance in the region were olefins, benzene, heterocyclic in the wastewater; fluorescent area of Phenolic hydroxyl and carbonyl is in λ_ex/λ_em=270/300 nm, the main contribution of the fluorescent substance in the region were phenols, ketones.