气溶胶对沙漠气候变化的影响

本文用数值实验讨论了尘埃气溶胶对沙漠区气候和夏季风气候变化的影响。结果表明,影响是明显的。气溶胶对太阳短波辐射的散射和吸收,可使地表和土壤温度下降,大气低层温度上升。通过流场、垂直运动和降水场的变化,300hPa 以下温度增高,100hPa 上温度降低。文中对气溶胶的影响机制也进行了讨论。

INFLUENCES OF AEROSOLS ON CLIMATE CHANGE OVER THE DESERT AREAS

The influences of the aerosols of dusts in the desert atmospheric boundary layer on the desert climate and the summer monsoon climate in the monsoon regions are studied by the use of numerical experiments.The results'show that the influences are obvi- ous.The scattering and the absorption of the solar short wave radiation induced by the de- sert aerosols result in the fall of the temperature at the ground surface and in the soil and the rise of the atmospheric temperature at the lower levels of the atmosphere.Through the changes of the flow,the vertical motion and the precipitation fields,the temperature below the 300hPa level rises and that at the 100hPa level falls. The mechanisms through which the aerosols influence the climate are also discussed.