基于移动床的印染污泥微波热解及固相产物的表征与分析

采用微波热解技术，通过改变微波功率、热解温度、气体和固体停留时间、添加催化剂，探究印染污泥热解的特性。采用元素分析、扫描电镜（SEM）、BET比表面积仪、X射线荧光光谱仪（XRF）、X射线衍射仪（XRD）和电感耦合等离子体质谱仪（ICP-MS）对印染污泥和泥炭进行了分析。实验结果表明，随着温度的升高，泥炭产率逐渐降低，750℃时降到63.87%（质量）；气体产率随温度逐渐增加。添加CaO和Fe，泥炭产率增加，不可凝气体中CO₂含量减少，H₂、CO和CH₄含量增加，最大H₂含量达64.17%。随着热解温度的升高，泥炭中C、H、N元素含量逐渐降低，S含量有所升高。热解温度在550℃时，泥炭的比表面积达到最大值91.9 m²·g^-1。经微波热解后，污泥中的重金属符合农业排放标准的要求。

Characterization and analysis of textile sludge char from moving bed pyrolyser under microwave irradiation

The paper investigated pyrolysis of textile sludge in a moving bed pyrolyser under microwave irradiation. Microwave power, temperature, gas and solid residence times, and catalysts were studied. Elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), BET surface area analysis, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) were conducted and analyzed. It showed that the sludge char (SC) yield decreased and non-condensable gas yield increased as temperature increased. At 750℃, the SC yield was 63.87%(mass). Addition of CaO and Fe increased SC yield, and the H₂, CO and CH₄ contents, and decreased CO₂ content in the non-condensable gas. Maximum H₂ content was up to 64.17%. The contents of C, H and O in SC decreased as temperature increased, while S content increased. The BET surface area reached the maximum at 550℃, which was consistent with the SEM observation. The ICP-MS results showed that the heavy metals in SC met the requirements of emissions standards in China. The moving bed pyrolyser under microwave irradiation provided a promising prospect to efficiently treat and dispose TS.