浙江海洋企业时空集聚区位特征研究

海洋经济日益成为滨海国家和地区经济新的增长点,其主体是海洋企业及其形成的各种群落.基于信用浙江获取2万余家浙江滨海地区海洋企业数据,采用核密度、热点、缓冲区和邻近分析等方法刻画浙江滨海地区海洋企业的结构、空间集聚及其演化,以期从微观视角揭示浙江滨海地区海洋产业集聚-扩散的区位特征,进而诊断浙江海洋经济发展态势,以服务于浙江海洋战略决策.研究结果:(1)通过集聚区位识别发现,浙江省海洋企业总体呈明显的中心集聚和外围分散的空间分布特征,且集聚分布程度较高.其中宁波市三江口、舟山本岛西南部滨海地区、杭州市区为海洋企业分布的核心集聚区,嘉兴市区、温州市区、台州市区、绍兴市区形成了22个次级海洋企业分布集聚区;(2)浙江省不同类型海洋企业的集聚特征存在差异,但均以宁波、舟山、杭州3市区为核心集聚区,其他滨海市形成不同产业的次一级集聚区;(3)浙江省海洋企业表现出明显的区位指向性,即海洋企业多分布于海岸线、工业园、港口、城市中心邻近地.

A study on the spatio-temporal agglomeration of locations of Zhejiang marine enterprises

Marine economy is increasingly becoming a new growth point for the economy of coastal countries and regions. The main body of marine economy is the marine enterprises and their various clusters. Based on the data from the Credit Zhejiang of more than 20 000 sea-based enterprises in Zhejiang coastal area, this paper applies nuclear density analysis, hot spot analysis, buffer zone analysis and proximity analysis to investigate the structure, spatial organization and evolution of marine enterprises in Zhejiang coastal area, so as to reveal the location features of the agglomeration and dispersal of marine industry in Zhejiang coastal area from a microscopic perspective. The findings are as follows:(1) The spatial distribution of marine enterprises in Zhejiang province shows obvious central agglomeration and external dispersion with a high degree of concentration. Among them, the convergence of the three rivers in Ningbo, the coastal area in the southwestern part of Zhoushan, and the urban area in Hangzhou form the core agglomeration area of marine enterprises while Jiaxing urban area, Wenzhou urban area, Taizhou urban area and Shaoxing urban area form 22 subordinate gathering areas; (2) The clustering characteristics of the major marine enterprises in Zhejiang show some differences in different types of marine enterprises. However, the municipal districts in Ningbo, Zhoushan and Hangzhou are the core agglomeration areas, while the other coastal cities in Zhejiang form sub-level agglomeration areas of different industries; (3) Zhejiang marine enterprises have shown obvious selectivity on location, that is, marine enterprises are distributed in the districts of coastline, industrial parks, ports and urban centers.