城市发展对植物物种多样性的影响——以杭州西湖风景名胜区为例

以杭州西湖风景名胜区为例，研究城市发展对植物物种多样性的影响。结果表明：城市化导致植物物种多样性降低；由于旅游点的开发和人类活动加强，导致植物资源量减少、分布区缩小；城市化为外来植物物种的入侵创造了条件，给当地植物多样性带来极大的危害；随着城市发展和园林美观的需要，引种的园林植物品种越来越丰富。总的说来，城市发展对西湖风景区植物多样性的不同类别和不同方面存在影响，而其中以负面影响为主，对此应予以重视和关注。

Study on Effects of Urban Development on Plant Species Diversity. a Case Study of Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area

The plant diversity is the most important component of biological diversity and species diversity is the most basic indicator of biological diversity. Taking Hangzhou West Lake Scenic Area as an example, this paper researches the effects of urban development on plant species diversity. The results show that： （1） Urbanization has led to decrease of plant diversity; （2） The tourist development and strengthening of human activities result in reduced plant resources, distribution reduces; （3） Urbanization makes the invasion of alien plant species easier, bringing great harm to the local plant diversity; （4） With the urban development and landscape aesthetic needs, more and more abundant varieties of garden plants are introduced into cities. In general, urban development has effected on the different types of plant diversity in the West Lake Scenic Area from the, different aspects, of which the negative impact is main. which should receive attention and concern.