黑龙江省2017—2020年流感样病例暴发疫情特征分析

目的 分析黑龙江省2017—2020年流感样病例暴发疫情流行特点及影响因素，为流感的防控提供科学依据。方法 收集“突发公共卫生事件报告管理信息系统”和“中国流感监测信息系统”报告的流感暴发疫情资料，对数据进行统计分析。结果 2017—2020监测年度黑龙江省共报告流感暴发疫情29起，累计报告发病数1 028例，报告时间主要集中在冬春季，12月份和4月份报告最多，占96.55%；场所分布主要以中小学校为主，占暴发疫情总数的93.10%；暴发疫情规模以10～29例居多，占暴发疫情总数的65.52%；病原学结果显示流感病毒流行株由A型（H3）转变为A型（新甲H1），之后又为A型（H3）和B型（Victoria）共同流行。结论 黑龙江省流感暴发疫情冬春季高发，集中在中小学校，流感优势株变换频繁，应做好监测并及时控制疫情的发展。

Epidemiological characteristics of influenza-like illness outbreaks in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2020

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of influenza-like case outbreaks in Heilongjiang Province from 2017 to 2020, and to provide a scientific basis for influenza prevention and control. Methods Data of influenza outbreaks reported by the Management Information System for Reporting Public Health Emergencies and China Influenza Surveillance Information System were collected and statistically analyzed. Results A total of 29 influenza outbreaks were reported in Heilongjiang Province in the surveillance year of 2017-2020, with a cumulative number of 1 028 cases reported, mainly in winter and spring, with the most reported cases in December and April, accounting for 96.55%. The case outbreak sites were mainly in primary and secondary schools, accounting for 93.10% of the total number of outbreaks.The size of outbreaks was 10 to 29 cases, accounting for 65.52% of the total number of outbreaks. The pathogenic results showed that the epidemic strain of influenza virus changed from type A(H3) to type A(New A H1), and then to type A(H3)and type B(Victoria) together. Conclusion Influenza outbreaks in Heilongjiang Province occur often in winter and spring,concentrated in primary and secondary schools, and the dominant strain of influenza changes frequently, which should be closely monitored and controlled in a timely manner.