颗粒海藻酸镧对饮用水中氟的吸附去除

以氯化镧与海藻酸钠为原料,采用滴球法制备了粒径为1～1.5mm的海藻酸镧小球,经过水洗、干燥后得到镧负载量25%(质量分数)的海藻酸镧颗粒吸附剂,应用该吸附剂进行饮用水除氟研究.通过间歇吸附实验,分别进行了吸附速率、pH值影响、吸附等温线、共存离子影响等吸附性能评价,并对吸附前后吸附剂表面与溶液组成变化进行研究.结果表明,该颗粒的吸附速率很快,反应2h后出水氟浓度即逐渐趋于稳定,吸附速率曲线符合拟二级反应速率方程;吸附效果受pH影响显著,在pH=4附近吸附量最大;吸附等温线数据对Langmuir方程拟合较好,其最大吸附量高达197.2mg·g-1;在常见无机干扰离子中,磷酸根与碳酸根对吸附有较大负面影响.SEM照片显示吸附前、后颗粒表面形态差异明显;吸附前、后颗粒表面EDX成分分析及溶液中离子浓度测量结果显示,吸附过程中溶液中F-同时与颗粒表面Cl-及OH-发生离子交换作用.

Fluoride Adsorption form Drinking Water by Granular Lanthanum Alginate

Granular lanthanum alginate was prepared by dripping solved sodium alginate into lanthanum chloride solution. After washed and dried, sorbent with 1-1.5 mm diameter, 25% (mass fraction) La content was made and applied for fluoride removal from drinking test. Adsorption performance such as adsorption rate, adsorption isotherm, pH and disturbing ions effects were tested in batch adsorption. The changes of adsorbent surface and the solution composition before and after adsorption were also studied. Results showed that the adsorption rate was fast, fluoride concentration trend to stable after 2h reaction, and the adsorption rate fit for pseudo second order equation. The adsorption was significantly affected by pH and some disturbing ions, optimum pH = 4, phosphate and carbonate reduced adsorption. Adsorption isotherm fitted Langmuir equation well; the max adsorption capacity was 197.2 mg·g^-1. SEM photographs of sorbent before and after adsorption showed significantly different surface morphology; EDX composition analysis of sorbent surface and solution concentration changes before and after adsorption showed that ion exchange take placed between solution F^- and sorbent surface Cl^- and OH^-.