大鼠左肾静脉狭窄致左肾淤血性损伤模型的建立

目的观察大鼠左肾静脉不同程度狭窄所致左肾病变，为实验研究左肾静脉受压综合征肾组织淤血性损伤提供合适的动物模型。方法采用左肾静脉不全结扎的方法建立大鼠左肾静脉狭窄模型。将大鼠分为4组，假手术组和左肾静脉狭窄1.0mm模型组、0.7mm模型组、0.5mm模型组。术后7周处死动物。肾组织行病理学检查。肾皮质匀浆检测丙二醛（MDA）含量和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性。结果病理学检查见1.0mm模型组未见明显病变，0.7mm和0.5mm模型组肾小球系膜区增生，小管、间质细胞浸润和纤维化形成，0.5mm模型组病变程度较重。各模型组左肾皮质丙二醛含量均显著增高，超氧化物歧化酶活性均显著降低，变化幅度随狭窄程度的增大而增大。结论大鼠左肾静脉狭窄程度为0.7mm时，各项观察指标与胡桃夹综合征（NCS）患者的临床实际情况最接近，而1.0mm和0.5mm相对偏轻和偏重，0.7mm模型组可以作为大鼠左肾静脉狭窄致左肾淤血实验研究的合适模型。

Establishment of a Rats Model of Congestive Renal Lesions Caused by Left Renal vein Constriction

Objective To investigate the renal lesions in rats caused by left renal vein constriction to varying degrees,and to provide a suitable animal model for studying renal congestive damage caused by nutcracker syndrome. Methods The rat model of left renal vein constriction was generated by partial ligation of the left renal vein. SD rats were randomly derided into 4 groups ： sham-operation group,left renal vein stenosis 1.0 mm, model group,0.7 mm model group,and 0.5 mm model group. All animals were killed at the end of the 7^th week. The kidney tissue was examined by histopathology. Renal cortex samples were homogenated to detect the content of malonaldehyde （MDA） and activity of superoxide dismutase （SOD）. Results The 1.0 mm model group showed no pathological change, while the other model groups showed hyperplasia of glomerular mesangial region, interstitial lymphocyte infiltration and fibrosis. The renal alterations were more severe along with the increasing vein stenosis. The left renal cortex MDA content was elevated, and SOD activity was reduced significantly in the 3 model groups compared with those in the sham-operation group, and its amplitude increased along with the degree of stenosis. Conclusions The vein stenosis of 0.7 mm appears to be most suitable, with all observed lesions in the left renal vein constriction rats approaching the clinical status in nutcracker syndrome patients mostly, while the vein stenosis at 1 . 0 mm and 0.5 mm appeared too slight or severe relatively. It seemed that 0,7 mm vein stenosis rat model may serve as a most suitable for studies on congestive damages of renal tissue caused by left renal vein constriction.