男子三级跳远运动员起跳腿“拉长-缩短周期”收缩能力的研究

运用运动生物力学的方法对两种不同水平的男子三级跳远运动员，进行了起跳腿的“拉长缩短周期，，收缩能力的对比研究。结果表明，三级跳远运动员起跳腿的肌肉反应特性，是影响三级跳远成绩的一个重要因素，水平高的三级跳远运动员起跳腿“拉长一缩短周期”收缩能力总体上高于低水平运动员；髋关节并不是缓?中外界负荷的主要关节；膝关节的退让工作能力对起跳效果有很大的影响；不同水平运动员之间，踝关节伸肌群的退让工作能力不具显著性差异；踝关节的缓?中幅度很大程度上是受上板水平速度的影响；高水平运动员的踝关节蹬伸平均角速度要大于低水平运动员的。

Study on the Takeoff Leg''''s Capacity of Stretching-Shortening Cycle in Male Triple Jumpers

Employing biomechanical research methods, the authors analyzed the takeoff leg’s capacity of stretching-shortening cycle (SSC) in different levels of male triple jumpers. The results showed that the muscle response features of the takeoff leg affected the performance; the SSC capacity of high-level jumpers was better than that of low-level jumpers; the hip joint was not the main joint in reducing the load; the eccentric capacity of the knee joint had great effect on takeoff; there showed no significant difference between high-level and low-level jumpers in the eccentric capacity of ankle joints; as the planting horizontal velocity increased, the range of ankle joint's buffer increased; and the average extension angular velocity of high-level jumpers' ankle joint was greater than that of low-level jumpers.