生物炭基复合水凝胶的制备及应用研究进展

生物炭基复合水凝胶具有优异的理化性质，近年来在诸多领域有所研究并得到应用。本文综述了生物炭基复合水凝胶的制备方法，如物理交联法和化学交联法；总结了生物炭基复合水凝胶在去除水体污染物、土壤改良、作物增产、缓释肥料和缓解植物重金属胁迫方面的应用，阐明了相关应用机制及作用机理；在此基础上，展望了生物炭基复合水凝胶未来的研究方向，分析了生物炭基复合水凝胶在应用中存在的问题和潜在的风险，并提出了相应建议。

Research Progress on the Preparation and Application of Biochar-based Composite Hydrogels

Biochar-based composite hydrogel has excellent physicochemical properties. Thus it has been studied and applied in many fields in recent years. In this paper， the preparation methods of biochar-based composite hydrogels were reviewed， such as physical cross-linking method and chemical cross-linking method. The applications of biochar-based composite hydrogels in removing pollutants in water， soil improvement， increasing crop yield， slow-releasing fertilizer and alleviating plant heavy metal stress were summarized， and the application mechanism and action mechanism were expounded. On this basis， the future research direction of biochar-based composite hydrogels was prospected， the existing problems and potential risks in the application of biochar-based composite hydrogels were analyzed， and the corresponding suggestions were put forward.