促进环境价值实现的绿电双账户管理机制及可信交易方法

在电力系统低碳化转型的背景下，全国绿色电力交易的启动为绿色电力环境价值实现提供了充分的市场化手段。随着各类交易主体的大规模引入以及用户侧多样化的绿电需求，当前的绿电交易机制在提升灵活性和认证可信度方面需要进一步深入研究，亟须优化机制设计以满足海量主体的精细化交易需求与合理价值分配方式。为此，文中提出基于区块链技术的绿电交易双账户机制。首先，通过设置交易账户与消纳账户的双账户管理机制，分别记录绿色属性的流通与消纳凭证的生成；其次，结合绿色属性流通过程进行“证电协同”的交易方式设计，实现绿电交易与绿证交易的有效衔接；最后，从区块链技术的角度对绿电交易进行规则合约撰写、交易各流程事后查证和消纳凭证区块存证，并对交易主体进行历史履约率评价，从而降低市场运营风险。算例实验表明，该机制能够有效提升绿电交易的灵活度与可信度，并在一定程度上缓解可再生能源补贴压力。

Dual-account Management Mechanism and Trusted Trading Method of Green Electricity for Realizing Environmental Value

The launch of national green electricity trading provides a sufficient market-based approach for the environmental value of green electricity under the background of low-carbon transformation in the power system. With the large-scale permeation of various trading entities and the diversification of green electricity demand on the user side, the current green electricity trading mechanism needs further research in improving flexibility and credibility of certification. It is urgent to optimize the mechanism design to meet the requirements of refined transaction involving massive entities and the reasonable value distribution. Thus, a dual-account mechanism for green electricity trading based on blockchain technology is proposed in this paper. First, the dual-account management mechanism is set up consisting of the trading account and consumption account. The circulation of green attributes and the generation of consumption certificates are recorded separately in the dual-account. Then, the transaction mode of “certification and electricity coordination” is designed combining with the circulation of green attributes which aims to achieve effective connection between green electricity trading and green certificate trading. Finally, the rule contract writing, post-verification design of each transaction process and block storage design of consumption certificate are carried out for green electricity trading from the perspective of blockchain technology. Market entities are evaluated by the historical performance rate to reduce the risk of market operation. The case experiment shows that the mechanism can effectively improve the flexibility and credibility of green electricity trading and alleviate the pressure of renewable energy subsidies to a certain extent.