基于D-InSAR技术的矿区地表沉陷监测研究

矿山开采可能诱发各种地质灾害,威胁矿区的社会稳定和居民的生命财产安全,快速准确监测矿区沉陷可有效预防地质灾害。本文以山西省大同煤矿为研究对象,获取2022年10月至2023年3月共13景Sentinel-1影像,基于合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量技术(Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar,D-In SAR)进行地表沉陷监测研究,获取大同煤矿地表累计沉陷量,使用已有研究成果对比验证了本实验结果的可靠性。结果表明,大同煤矿沉陷分布较广,主要分布在大同市南郊区西部以及南郊区、怀仁市、左云县和山阴县四县市交界处,监测期间最大、平均沉陷量分别为381.43 mm、13.88 mm,总沉陷面积约为207.91 km2,根据7个重点沉陷区的时空变化特征及演化规律发现沉陷呈现持续扩张趋势,推断地表沉陷仍会持续较长时间。研究证明了In SAR技术在矿山开采沉陷监测的可靠性,为矿产资源管理工作提供新的技术方法,研究结果可为矿山开采沉陷治理和地质灾害防控提供参考依据。

Monitoring Land Surface Subsidence of Coal Mines Using D-InSAR Technology

Mining coal resources may trigger various geological disasters, threatening the social stability of mining areas and the safety of residents'' lives and property. Rapid and accurate monitoring of subsidence in mining areas can effectively prevent geological disasters. This study examined the Datong coal mine in Shanxi Province and 13 Sentinel-1 images from October 2022 to March 2023 were used to obtain the rate of land subsidence and cumulative subsidence of Datong coal mine based on Differential Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (D-InSAR). The reliability of the experimental results was verified by comparing existing research results. The results show that subsidence of Datong coal mine is widely distributed, mainly in the west of Nanjiao County of Datong City and the junction of Datong City, Huairen City, Zuoyun County and Shanyin County. During the period of monitoring the maximum and average subsidence were –381.43 mm and –13.88 mm, respectively, and the total subsidence area was approximately 207.91 km2. Based on spatiotemporal variation and changes in rates of subsidence of the seven typical subsidence areas, it was demonstrated that subsidence exhibited continuous expansion. It was inferred that land subsidence will continue for a long time. The study proves the reliability of InSAR technology in monitoring mining subsidence, and provides a new method for management of mineral resources. The research results also provide a reference for the control of mining subsidence and prevention of geological disasters.