基于碳势-能源价格双响应的综合能源系统低碳经济调度

利用电-气-热多元负荷节点碳势引导需求响应是实现综合能源系统(IES)低碳运行的有效手段。IES中多能流耦合关系复杂、动态特性交织，碳排放特性难以准确表达。文中针对IES中低碳运行潜力挖掘不足的问题进行了研究，提出了一种基于节点碳势-能源价格双响应的经济调度方法，用于IES源-荷协同，实现低碳运行。一方面，通过剖析气、热动态特性对碳排放流的影响机理，引入动态特性等价替换思想，得出计及动态特性的碳排放流模型，进而得到负荷节点的碳势，实现碳排放责任的分摊；另一方面，从碳视角出发，考虑多元负荷的碳排放责任，设计了基于多元负荷节点碳势-能源价格双响应的IES源-荷低碳互动机制，充分挖掘IES中多元负荷的低碳潜力。通过对IES中碳排放产生、传输、消费全过程的追踪与计量，制定兼顾经济性与低碳性的调控策略。以电网14节点-热网6节点-天然气网6节点(E14-H6-G6)和E57-H12-G12测试系统为例，验证了所提模型和方法的有效性。

Low-carbon Economic Dispatching of Integrated Energy System Based on Dual Response of Carbon Intensity and Energy Price

The utilization of nodal carbon intensity of multipe electric-gas-heat loads to guide demand response (DR) is an effective approach to achieve low-carbon operation in integrated energy systems (IESs). Due to the complex coupling relationships and intertwined dynamic characteristics of multiple energy flows, carbon emission characteristics are difficult to accurately express. The insufficient exploitation of low-carbon operation potential in IES is studied, and an economic dispatching method based on dual response of nodal carbon intensity and energy price is proposed for IES coordination between generation and load to achieve low-carbon operation. On one hand, by analyzing the influence mechanism of gas and heat dynamic characteristics on carbon emission flows, the concept of dynamic characteristic equivalence substitution is introduced to obtain a carbon emission flow model considering dynamic characteristics. Then, the carbon intensity at load nodes is obtained and the allocation of carbon emission responsibility is realized. On the other hand, from the carbon perspective, considering the carbon emission responsibility of multiple loads, the IES source-load low-carbon interaction mechanism based on the dual response of nodal carbon intensity and energy price of multiple loads is designed to fully explore the low-carbon intensity of multiple loads in IES. Through the tracking and measurement of carbon emission generation, transmission, and consumption processes in IES, a control strategy that balances economic and low-carbon factors is formulated. The effectiveness of the proposed model and method is validated using a test system consisting of a 14-bus power grid, a 6-bus heat network, and a 6-bus natural gas network (E14-H6-G6), as well as a system with E57-H12-G12.