《中国药典》2015年版一部十八反十九畏成方制剂收录情况与应用探析

目的：探讨2015年版《中国药典》一部中含“不宜同用”反药药对成方制剂的收载情况，以及新增品种、剂型等特点，为临床安全用药提供参考。方法：整理2015年版《中国药典》一部中与十八反十九畏相关的药材和饮片；搜集含十八反十九畏药对的成方制剂，并与2010年版进行品种、剂型等对比分析。结果： 2015年版《中国药典》一部收录药材饮片中与十八反相关的有39个品种，与十九畏相关的18个品种。收录成方制剂1 502个品种，比2010年版增加440个品种；含反药配伍的成方制剂16个品种，比2010年版增加5个品种，约占收录总数1.07%；其中含十八反药对的为8个品种，含十九畏药对的为9个品种；同时含有十八反与十九畏药对的为1个品种。以药对丁香-郁金、川乌/草乌-白及/白蔹（外用）、肉桂-赤石脂使用次数为多；外用制剂所占比例超过30%。结论：与2010年版相比，2015年版《中国药典》一部收录含反药药对成方制剂的品种、反药频次及外用成方制剂比例有所增加，提示十八反十九畏同方配伍情况值得深入研究。

Discuss on Chinese Patent Medicines Containing Eighteen Incompatible Herbs or Nineteen Mutual Antagonistic Herbs in Pharmacopoeia of People's Republic of China (volume I,2015)

Objective: Discuss on the characteristics of the Chinese patent medicines containing incompatible herbs, to provide information and reference for safe clinical medicine application. Method: Classify and summarize the products of medicine pieces and Chinese patent medicines about eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs recorded in the Pharmacopoeia of the People''s Republic of China (volume I,2015), in which the situation is compared with that Pharmacopoeia of the People''s Republic of China (volume I,2010). Result: In the 2015 version, 39 products of medicine pieces about eighteen incompatible herbs and 18 products of nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs are recorded; with 440 products more than that in the 2010 version, a total of 1 502 products of Chinese patent medicines are recorded, in which 8 products contain eighteen incompatible herbs, 9 products contain nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs, and 1 product contains both eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs; incompatible herb pairs of Caryophylli Flos and Curcumae Radix, Aconiti Radix/Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix and Bletillae Rhizoma/Ampelopsis Radix, as well as Cinnamomi Cortex and Halloysitum Rubrum are applied with high frequency; the proportion of Chinese patent medicines for external use is over 30%. Conclusion: Compared with the 2010 version, the Chinese patent medicines with incompatible herbs in the 2015 version have increasement in varieties, application frequency and external use proportion, indicating that it is worthy of further research on the eighteen incompatible herbs and nineteen mutual antagonistic herbs.