The dynamic evolution of aggregated lithium dendrites in lithium metal batteries |
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Authors: | Xin Shen Rui Zhang Shuhao Wang Xiang Chen Chuan Zhao Elena Kuzmina Elena Karaseva Vladimir Kolosnitsyn Qiang Zhang |
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Affiliation: | 1. Beijing Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;3. School of Chemistry, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia;4. Ufa Institute of Chemistry UFRC RAS, Ufa, 450054, Russia |
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Abstract: | Lithium (Li) metal anodes promise an ultrahigh theoretical energy density and low redox potential,thus being the critical energy material for next-generation batteries.Unfortunately,the formation of Li den-drites in Li metal anodes remarkably hinders the practical applications of Li metal anodes.Herein,the dynamic evolution of discrete Li dendrites and aggregated Li dendrites with increasing current densities is visualized by in-situ optical microscopy in conjunction with ex-situ scanning electron microscopy.As revealed by the phase field simulations,the formation of aggregated Li dendrites under high current den-sity is attributed to the locally concentrated electric field rather than the depletion of Li ions.More specif-ically,the locally concentrated electric field stems from the spatial inhomogeneity on the Li metal surface and will be further enhanced with increasing current densities.Adjusting the above two factors with the help of the constructed phase field model is able to regulate the electrodeposited morphology from aggregated Li dendrites to discrete Li dendrites,and ultimately columnar Li morphology.The methodol-ogy and mechanistic understanding established herein give a significant step toward the practical appli-cations of Li metal anodes. |
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Keywords: | Electrochemistry Li dendrites Rechargeable Li batteries In-situ optical microscopy Phase field model Electrochemical engineering |
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