郑州市海洛因滥用者中HIV感染特征

目的:了解HIV感染在郑州市海洛因滥用人群中的分布、吸毒行为与HIV感染的关系以及吸毒者对艾滋病的认知情况。方法:对我市2 0 0 3年11月- 12月集中收戒的2 10 0例海洛因滥用者进行HIV血清抗体检测;采用北京大学中国药物依赖性研究所设计的《药物滥用者艾滋病态度、知识、行为调查表》对其中80 2例进行问卷调查。结果:共检出HIV阳性32例,其中男性2 9例,女性3例。彝族(14例,占4 3. 8% )和维族(12例,占37. 5 % )占绝大多数(81 .3% )。感染途径:静脉注射(6 8 .8% )和性行为(31 .2 % )。在接受对艾滋病态度、知识、行为调查的人中不知道HIV/AIDS主要感染途径的占5 5 . 7% ,其中彝族(6 1/6 7)和维族(6 1/78)回答不知道的例数在本民族应答者中占的比例很高。不知道共用注射器能感染HIV/AIDS者占36 . 2 % ,同样彝族(6 1/6 7)和维族(48/78)回答不知道的例数在本民族应答者中占的比例很高。结论:郑州地区HIV/AIDS感染者以外来少数民族吸毒者为主;该人群对艾滋病的认知情况差。建议有关方面应加强对流动人口的教育与管理,以减少HIV/AIDS的传播。

CHARACTERISTICS OF HIV INFECTION AMONG HEROIN ABUSERS IN ZHENGZHOU

Objective: To understand HIV infection among heroin abusers in Zhengzhou, the relation between HIV infection and drug abuse behavior, and the cognition of drug abusers to AIDS. Methods: A detection of HIV blood serum antibody was conducted in 2100 heroin abusers who were admitted to the unit undertaking detoxification from Nov.2003 to Dec. 2003. Among them 802 cases were investigated on the knowledge of and attitude towards HIV/AIDS with a questionnaire designed by National Institute on Drug Dependence, Peking Unirevsity. Results: There were 32 HIV positive cases( including 29 males and 3 females)detected among the heroin abusers, the rate of which was 1.52%. Yi nationality (14 cases, accounting for 43.8%) and Wei nationality (12 cases, accounting for 37.5%) took the most proportion (81.3%). The infection routes were iv. drug use(68.8%) and sexual activity(31.2%). Of the 802 cases, 55.7% didn't know the main route of HIV transmission and the proportion of the Yi(61/67)and Wei (61/78) was even higher; 36.2% didn't know that sharing injectors could infect HIV/AIDS and the proportion was also higher in the Yi (61/67) and Wei (48/78) Conclusion: Most HIV infections in Zhengzhou are floating minorities who are lack of HIV/AIDS related knowledge. Prevention education and administration of floating population should be strengthened in Zhengzhou so as to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission.