折射波法检波器二次定位技术应用研究

在海上地震勘探中，检波器经常发生漂移，室内资料处理时必须对其进行二次定位。针对胜利油田浅海地区折射波较为发育的情况，阐述了折射波法二次定位的原理和实现过程，探讨了应用过程中需要注意的问题，结合实例对应用效果进行了分析。折射波法二次定位在共检波点道集内进行，利用炮点、检波点的空间位置关系求取折射波理论旅行时，通过与实际旅行时逼近来反演检波器的空间位置。为了提高反演的精度，需要同时反演地震波在海水中和海底介质中传播的速度。通过比较反演的震源位置与GPS测得的实际震源位置，可以评估折射波法检波器二次定位的质量。实际应用效果表明，该方法能很好地解决海底折射波较发育区地震资料处理中的检波器二次定位问题。

Application research on geophone re-location technology by refraction wave method

The geophone often shifts in the offshore seismic exploration, so it should be re-located in interior data processing. Refraction wave develops well in shallow sea area of Shengli oilfield, so the re-location technology was carried out in the seismic data processing by using refraction wave. The profile quality has been greatly improved and the S/N has been enhanced. Beginning with the principles of re-location by using refraction wave method, we described the realization procedures. Problems relating to the application of this method were probed, including the inversion for velocity of sea water and sea bottom media and the position of receiving points. The quality controlling method for evaluating geophone re-location accuracy by the position of inversion focus was proposed and a series of re-location processing procedures suitable for this area established.