污灌土壤中有机污染物的成分分析及对小鼠的脂质过氧化作用

目的研究某污灌区土壤中有机污染物的组成成分及其对小鼠的脂质过氧化作用。方法以某污灌农田土壤为研究对象,以地下水灌溉农田的土壤为对照,采用超声振荡法提取土壤中的有机污染物,采用气相色谱-质谱联用仪对土壤中的有机物进行分析。选择清洁级昆明小鼠40只,雌雄各半,随机分为溶剂对照组(二甲亚砜)、对照区低剂量组、对照区高剂量组、污灌区低剂量组、污灌区高剂量组。高、低剂量组染毒剂量分别为25、5g土壤干重/(kg·d)。采用灌胃法染毒,每日1次,连续染毒2周。采用试剂盒进行小鼠血清中总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活力、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活力、丙二醛(MDA)含量的测定。结果污灌区土壤样品中检测出菲、芘、联苯、芴、萘、2-甲基萘、2,3,6-三甲基色氨酸萘、蒽、2-甲基蒽、1,4-二甲基蒽、荧蒽、4-甲基芘、硫芴、4-甲基氧芴、氧芴、丁基-羟基甲苯、十二烷、新戊基环己烷、3-甲基庚烷、1,2-二甲基环己胺、巴比妥,含量分别为14.3、2.1、1.3、1.1、0.8、1.3、0.4、2.9、7.2、2.3、9.1、0.2、0.4、1.4、1.7、0.37、0.9、0.11、0.02、0.02、0.13mg/kg。对照区土壤样品中检测出3-甲基庚烷、2-甲基庚烷、1,2-二甲基环己胺,含量均为0.01mg/kg。与溶剂对照组比较,对照区高剂量组的T-SOD活力和GSH-Px活力降低,污灌区各组的T-SOD活力、GSH-Px活力均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。污灌区高剂量组T-SOD活力低于对照区高剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。各组MDA含量间比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论该污灌区土壤已受到一定程度的有机物污染,且可对小鼠体内的脂质过氧化作用产生了一定程度的影响。

Ingredient Analysis and Lipid Peroxidation in Mice of Organic Pollutants of Polluted Irrigation Soil

Objective To investigate the organic pollutants in the contaminated water irrigation area soil and to study the lipid peroxidation effect of the pollutants on mouse. Methods The organic pollutants of the polluted irrigation soil and control soil were extracted using the supersonic oscillator. The ingredients of the organic pollutants were measured by the GC-MS spectrum. The 40 sanitary Kunming mice were randomly divided into five groups: the dimethylsulfoxide control group,low dose group of control soil,high dose group of control soil,low dose group of polluted soil,high dose group of polluted soil. The administered doses of the low and high dose groups were 25.5 g dry soil/kg body weight per day by oral for two weeks. The activities of T-SOD,GSH-Px and the content of MDA in serum of mice were determined. Results Phenanthrene,yrene,diphenyl,fluorene,naphthalene,dimethyl-naphthalene,2,3,6-trimethyl-naphthalene,anthracene,dimethyl-anthracene,1,4-dimethyl-anthracene,fluoranthene,4-methyl-pyrene,dibenzothiophen,4-methyl-dibenzofuran,dibenzofuran,butylated-hydroxytoluene,dodecane,neopentyl-cyclohexane,trimethyl-heptane,1,2-dimethyl-cyclohexanimine,butethal were detected in the polluted irrigation soil and their levels were 14.3,2.1,1.3,1.1,0.8,1.3,0.4,2.9,7.2,2.3,9.1,0.2,0.4,1.4,1.7,0.37,0.9,0.11,0.02,0.02 and 0.13 mg/kg respectively in the polluted irrigation soil. Trimethyl-heptane,dimethyl-heptane and 1,2-dimethyl-cyclohexanimine were detected,and their levels were all 0.01 mg/kg in control soil. Compared with the solvent of dimethylsulfoxide group,the activities of T-SOD and GSH-Px of the high dose group of control soil and two dose groups of polluted soil all decreased,the differences were all significant(P<0.05). The activities of T-SOD of the high dose group of polluted soil were much lower than that of low dose group of polluted soil(P<0.01).The differences of levels of MDA among of all groups were not significant(P>0.05). Conclusion The soil has been contaminated with organic pollutants in the investigated area and the soil extract may produce a certain effect on lipid peroxidation in mice.