基于多目标模糊规划的灌区多水源优化配置

以黑龙江省和平灌区为例,构建基于多目标模糊规划的灌区多水源优化配置模型,该模型能够在提高农业灌溉用水净效益的同时有效减少农业灌溉水量,促进和平灌区多水源高效配置。采用具有非线性隶属度函数的模糊多目标规划求解模型,得到不同流量不同水源下的最优配水方案。结果表明:不同流量水平下水稻不同生育阶段均存在缺水现象,低流量下需从柳河水库引入外调水才能保证水稻的最小需水量。为保证灌区整体效益,按照引水工程、提水工程、井灌工程的先后顺序进行配水,并得到多目标配水模型在不同情景下的运行稳定情况。该模型可以高效地进行灌区多水源在作物各生育阶段的优化配置。

Multi-water Resources Optimal Allocation of Irrigation District Based on Fuzzy Multi-objective Programming

Many problems, such as the shortage of water resources and the low operating efficiency of water project, are ubiquitous in an irrigation district with multi-water resources. Therefore, it is significant and necessary to implement joint dispatching of multi-water resources to alleviate water shortage and promote the synergy ascension of water resources productivity. Taking Heping irrigation district in Heilongjiang Province as an example, a fuzzy multi-objective programming for multi water resources optimal allocation model was constructed. The proposed model was capable of increasing water net benefit and decreasing water-use amount simultaneously, which would improve the effective allocation of multi-water resources of Heping irrigation district. Fuzzy multi objective programming with nonlinear membership functions was adopted to solve the model, and the optimal water allocation schemes under different flow levels and water sources were obtained. Results showed that water shortage existed in each growth period of rice under each flow level, and more water should be transferred from Liuhe reservoir under low flow level to guarantee the minimum water requirement. Water were allocated to rice in the order of water diversion project, water lifting project and well irrigation project to ensure the total benefit of Heping irrigation district. The stability of the multi-objective model operation under different scenarios was obtained and analyzed in detail. Water allocation of water diversion project was relatively stable, while water allocation of well irrigation project had higher sensitivity for nonlinearity of membership function of the objective function under low flow level. The developed model can effectively allocate multi-water resources to the different growth stages of rice, which would provide reasonable decision schemes for the corresponding administrative departments.