烟草抗花叶病新品系“转墓因NC89”选育技术的研究

本文报导了国内首例抗烟草花叶病毒（ＴＭＶ）和黄瓜花叶病毒（ＣＭＶ）的转基因双抗烟草新品系的选育方法，获得了具有抗ＴＭＶ和ＣＭＶ的双抗优质新品系。在新品系第４—６代的田间试验中，验证了其抗病毒特性的遗传稳定性；与对照品种ＮＣ８９在农艺性状、品质和烘烤特性等方面进行比较，证明转基因抗病新品系除抗病性显著增强外，其它特性均略优于原ＮＣ８９良种。１９９２年在河南省示范推广６６６７ｈｍ~２，转基因抗病新品系对烟草花叶病的相对控制效果为５０％－７０％，防病增产的经济效益显著。

Studies on the Technics of Breeding a New Transgenic Tobacco Line Resistant to Mosaic Diseases

This paper reports a first example in China to breed a new transgenic tobacco line resistant both to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and to cucumber mosaic virus (CMV). It deals with the details of field experiments of the whole process of segregation and selection of the progenies of transgenic plants population. By using the gene transfer technics, some transgenic tobacco resistant to mosaic diseases plants from a flue-cured tobacco cultivar NC89 were obtained in green house in 1989, thereafter, through field inoculation and selection form 2nd and 3rd generations, a homozygous line resistant to both viruses and with good qualities was bred out. The inheretant stability of the resistance of the new line was confirmed through the fourth to sixth generations field experiments. Some comparisons between the transgenic resistant line and the check cultivar (NC89) were made in various aspects such as agronomic characteristic, quality evaluation, internal chemical ingredients,some characters during or after flue-curing process etc. The transgenic resistant line is better than those of the check cultivar in all the aspects mentioned above. In 1992, the transgenic resistant line was planted about hundred thouthands Mu (about 700 hectares) in the middle parts of Henan Province. The relative effect of controlling mosaic diseases of tobacco was 50 %- 70%. This is the first example of growing a transgenic virus -resistant plant in large scale in China.