机敏材料和机敏结构的力学分析

机敏材料是一种具有传感和执行的双重功能的功能材料，它无需外界的帮助，而本身就可以在电、磁、热、机械运动、光、声、化学、流变等等性能中的几项之间产生耦合行为，当机敏材料和具体结构形式结合在一起时便构成了机敏结构。本文重点介绍了比压电体更为一般化的线性电磁热弹性固体的一些基本理论，综述了压电体的材料力学分析以及压电体在机敏结构控制中的力学行为分析。最后则简略讨论了其它机敏材料中的力学分析。

THE MECHANICAL ANALYSIS OF SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES

Smart materials have the ability to perform both sensing and actuating,with which some coupling effects will show among some of electric,magnetic,thermic, mechanical, optical, acoustical, chemical,or rheological properties of the materials without outside actions.Once the smart materials are built into structures,they will become smart or intelligent,This review focuses on the rnechanical analysis on linear electromagneto-thermo-solids,especially piezoelec- tric materials,and the control theory for smart structures,Finally,the mech- anical analysis to other smart materials such as optic fiber and SMA is also introduced.