壳体容器跌落事故的相似试验设计与有限元分析

壳体容器的跌落事故是冲击动力学行为，存在几何非线性和材料非线性的特征，因此设计较准确的相似模型试验具有较大难度。本文通过理论分析方法给出了壳体容器跌落的相似模型试验的设计要求，在不考虑材料率相关效应的情况下，给出了各物理量的相似常数，确定了相应的相似准则。在此基础上，通过数值模拟方法，对不同比例的相似模型试验进行数值计算，并对这种相似模型试验的设计进行评价。通过计算发现，在一定的假设和试验设计条件下，各相似常数的误差较小，能很好地反映模型参量的相似性，从而可通过相似模型试验来研究壳体容器的跌落事故。本文为壳体容器跌落事故的相似模型试验的设计提供了理论分析和数值模拟的参考方法。

Design and FEM Analysis of Similitude Model Test for Dropping Accident of Shell Container

The dropping accident of a shell container is a shock dynamical behavior, which has the characteristics of geometric and material nonlinearity. Thus, it is of great difficulty to design an accurate similitude model test. This paper aimed to use the theoretical analysis method to design the similitude model test of the dropping of shell container, get out the similar constant to the various physical quantities, and determine the corresponding similarity criteria, with no considerations of the effect of material rate effect. On this basis, the numerical simulation method was used to make calculations and evaluations of the different proportions of similitude model tests. The results show that the error of the similar constants is very small under certain assumptions and experimental design conditions, which well reflects the similarity of the model parameters. It is valid and effective to study the dropping accident of shell container by carrying out a similitude model experiment. The results can provide a theoretical analysis and numerical simulation reference to design the model test of the dropping accident of shell container.