拟黑多刺蚁乙醇提取物中降低小鼠血清尿酸水平活性部位的筛选与化学成分分析

目的研究拟黑多刺蚁乙醇提取物(EEPR)中降低高尿酸血症模型小鼠血清尿酸水平的活性部位及其主要化学成分。方法昆明小鼠分别ig给予别嘌醇0.04 g.kg-1(阳性对照),EEPR 0.128,0.256和0.512 g.kg-1,EEPR的石油醚部位0.079和0.158 g.kg-1,乙酸乙酯部位0.051和0.102 g.kg-1,正丁醇部位0.052和0.104 g.kg-1和水部位0.042和0.084 g.kg-1,每天1次,连续12 d。正常对照组和模型对照组ig给予等体积含0.3%吐温-80的水溶液。末次给药1 h后除正常对照组外,其余各组小鼠均ip给予次黄嘌呤0.6 g.kg-1。1 h后眼眶静脉丛取血,用磷钨酸比色法测定血清尿酸水平,酶比色法测定黄嘌呤氧化酶活性。对降低血清尿酸水平的活性部位进行GC-MS分析,鉴定其主要化学成分。结果高尿酸血症模型小鼠血清尿酸水平与正常对照组比较明显升高(P<0.01),别嘌醇0.04 g.kg-1,EEPR 0.256和0.512 g.kg-1可明显降低该模型小鼠血清尿酸水平(P<0.05),分别由模型组的(464±143)μmol.L-1下降到273±80,346±85和(302±72)μmo.l L-1(P<0.05)。EEPR中石油醚部位0.079和0.158 g.kg-1可显著降低该模型小鼠血清尿酸水平,分别由模型组的(446±139)μmo.lL-1下降到328±100和(314±112)μmol.L-1(P<0.05),其他部位各剂量组对血清尿酸水平均无明显影响。石油醚部位0.158 g.kg-1可明显抑制黄嘌呤氧化酶活性,由模型对照组的(18±8)U.L-1下降到(11±5)U.L-1(P<0.05)。GC-MS分析结果表明,石油醚部位的脂肪酸中,反式十八碳烯酸甲酯占60.77%,十六烷酸甲酯占18.99%,十六碳烯酸甲酯占9.31%。结论 EEPR中石油醚部位可降低高尿酸血症模型小鼠血清尿酸水平,不饱和脂肪酸为石油醚部位脂肪酸的主要成分。

Screening and chemical component analysis of anti-hyperuricemic active fraction of ethanol extract from Polyrhachis vicina Roger in hyperuricemia model mice

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti-hyperuricemic effect of active fractions of ethanol extract from Polyrhachis vicina Roger (EEPR) in hyperuricemia model mice and to analyze the chemical components of the active fraction. METHODS Kunming mice were ig administered allopurinol 0.04 g·kg^-1, EEPR 0.128, 0.256 and 0.512 g·kg^-1, petroleum ether fraction (PEF) 0.079 and 0.158 g·kg^-1, ethyl acetate fraction 0.051 and 0.102 g·kg^-1, butanol fraction 0.052 and 0.104 g·kg^-1, and water fraction 0.042 and 0.084 g·kg^-1, respectively, once daily, for 12 d. The mice in normal control group were ig administered water solution containing 0.3% Tween-80 before being ip given hypoxanthine 0.6 g·kg^-1 1 h after the final administration. The serum level of uric acid was determined by phosphotungstic acid method,and the activity of xanthine oxidase (XOD) was determined by enzymic colorimetric method. The major constituents of the active fraction were determined by GC-MS. RESULTS Compared with normal control group, the serum level of uric acid of model group remarkably increased(P<0.01). Allopurinol 0.04 g·kg^-1, and EEPR 0.128 and 0.256 g·kg^-1 significantly decreased the serum level of uric acid from (464±143)μmol·L^-1 of the model group to 273±80, 346±85 and (302±72)μmol·L^-1(P<0.05). PEF 0.079 and 0.158 g·kg^-1 significantly decreased the serum level of uric acid to 328±100 and (314±112)μmol·L^-1(P<0.05), while other fractions had no significant effect. PEF 0.158 g·kg^-1 exhibited inhibitory effect on XOD activity, which was reduced to (11±5)U·L^-1 from (18±8)U·L^-1 in hyperuricemic model group(P<0.05). In PEF, methyl transvaccenate was 60.77%, methyl hexadecanoate was 18.99%, and methyl palmitoleate was 9.31%. CONCLUSION PEF in EEPR significantly inhibits the serum level of uric acid in the hyperuricemic model mice and the major constituent is unsaturated fat.